Cranial malformations

Question 1

general term for premature closure of sutures

Answer 1

craniosynostosis

Question 2

premature closure of sagital suture causing long narrow head

Answer 2

scaphocephaly

Question 3

premature closure of coronal and lambdoidal sutures causing tower skull

Answer 3

Oxycephaly

Question 4

premature closure of bilateral coronal suture causing wide skull

Answer 4

brachycephaly

Question 5

premature closure of one side of coronal or sagital suture causing asymetrical or twisted head

Answer 5

plagiocephaly

Question 6

premature closure of frontal suture causing pointy forhead

Answer 6

triginocephaly

Question 7

autosomal dominant trait (mutation in FGF receptor 2 gene)

under developed midface
symetric syndactyly
hearing loss
short stature
possible slow intellectual development

Answer 7

Apert Syndrome

Question 8

similar appearance to Apert but only craniofacial abnormalities are present

Answer 8

Crouzon syndrome

Question 9

small head usually due to underdeveloped brain

Answer 9

microcephally

Question 10

complete absence of cranial vault

Answer 10

Acrania

Question 11

partial abscence of brain with acrania; not viable

Answer 11

Meroencephally

Question 12

cranial vault fails to close due to cranial neuropore failed closure, usually in occipital region

Answer 12

cranioschisis

Question 13

buildup of CNS in the brain

Answer 13

hydrocephalus