Cranial nerves I Flashcards Preview

Year 1 Neuroanatomy > Cranial nerves I > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cranial nerves I Deck (16)
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1
Q

what are the first order neurons of the of the olfactory pathway?

A

olfactory receptor cells (bipolar)

2
Q

olfactory bulbs contain what types of cells?

A
  1. second order neurons (mitral, tufted) 2. interneurons
3
Q

what is the principal central projection of the olfactory system? where does it terminate?

A
  1. lateral olfactory stria 2. terminates in primary olfactory cortex and amygdala
4
Q

where does the primary olfactory cortex project its axons?

A
  1. hypothalamus 2. amygdala of limbic system 3. cortical areas 4. olfactory association cortex
5
Q

what are the first order neurons of the visual system? second order?

A
  1. bipolar cells of retina 2. ganglion cells
6
Q

where do most of the optic tract fibers terminate?

A

lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus (some in superior colliculus, pretectal area, hypothalamus)

7
Q

where are the third order neurons of the visual system? what do they form?

A
  1. lateral geniculate nucleus 2. geniculocalcarine tract (optic radiation)
8
Q

what is the course of the geniculocalcarine tract?

A

posterior aspect of internal capsule - corona radiata - primary visual cortex (occipital lobe)

9
Q

what is unique about the optic nerve?

A
  1. it is a tract (part of CNS) 2. myelinated by oligodendrocytes 3. susceptible to MS
10
Q

lesion of the inferior division of the geniculocalcarine tract leads to what visual defect? superior division?

A
  1. inferior - pie in the sky 2. superior - pie on the floor
11
Q

what is the result of a lesion at the optic chiasm?

A

heteronymous hemianopia

12
Q

what is the result of a lesion at the optic nerve?

A

total blindness in ipsilateral eye

13
Q

what are the two factors that support macular sparing?

A
  1. dual blood supply of visual cortex 2. extensiveness of macular cortical region
14
Q

the aberrant vagal fibers arise from what nucleus? what do they innervate?

A
  1. nucleus ambiguus (medulla) 2. laryngeal muscles
15
Q

the spinal accessory nerve arises from what nucleus? what does it innervate?

A
  1. spinal accessory nucleus 2. trapezius, SCM
16
Q

what is the result of a LMN of CN XII?

A

protrusion to side of lesion