CV Function in Pathological Situations--Nordgren Flashcards Preview

CRRAB--Wk 3 > CV Function in Pathological Situations--Nordgren > Flashcards

Flashcards in CV Function in Pathological Situations--Nordgren Deck (23)
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1
Q

Circulatory shock

etiology

A

severe reduction in blood supply to body tissues

2
Q

Arterial pressure in circulatory shock

A

low

3
Q

Danger of low arterial pressure in cirulatory shock

A

low arterial pressure

loss of consciousness

4
Q

mean arterial pressure =

A

MAP = CO x TPR

5
Q

What causes circulatory shock?

A

depressed myocardial function

low mean filling pressure

profound systemic vasodilation

6
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

cardiac pumping compromised

severe arrhythmias, abrupt valve malfunction, MI

7
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

bleeding, diahrea

8
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

arterial dialation

decreased CO and TPR

9
Q

Septic shock

A

endotoxin –> NO synthase

10
Q

Neurogenic shock

A

loss of vascular tone

loss of sympathetic tone

reflex response to deep pain, anesthesia, vasovagal syncope

11
Q

Etiology

pallor, cold clammy skin, rapid HR, muscle weakness, venous constriction

A

increased sympathetic tone

12
Q

Autotransfusion

A

increased TPR

decreased hydrostatic pressure in capillaries

more reabsorption occurs from peripheral tissues

13
Q

Decompensetory mechanisms for circulatory shock

A

overwhelming vasoconstriction

(permenant organ tissue damage)

14
Q

Progressive shock

vs

Irreversible shock

A

progressive: CV progressively degenerates
irreversible: death

15
Q

Systolic heart failure

A

EF < 40%

left ventricular ejection fraction

16
Q

Etiology of systolic heart failure

A

sustained cardiac challenges

resulting in reduced myocyte function

17
Q

Warburg effect in heart failure

A

change from fatty acid metabolism to glucose metabolism in heart

less efficient

18
Q

What is:

“compensated state of heart failure”

A

when enough fluid is retained to get a normal CO via increase in sympathetic tone

19
Q

What is the con of increased sympathetic tone in the state of systolic heart failure?

A

chronic elevated peripheral and central venous pressures

peripheral –> edema

central –> dilation, added stress

20
Q

Orthopnea

A

SOB in supine position

seen in left sided heart failure

21
Q

Diastolic heart failure

etiology

A

stiffening of heart during diastole

increases in cardiac filling pressure do not produce normal increases with EDV

22
Q

Pulmonary HTN defined as

A

≥ 20 mmHg

23
Q

Most common etiology of HTN

A

primary/essential

idiopathic