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Analtomy > CVS WR1: All the big veins & arteries & stuff > Flashcards

CVS WR1: All the big veins & arteries & stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What supplies blood to the heart wall?

A

Left and right coronary arteries and their anastomosing branches

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2
Q

How is blood drained from the heart?

A

Cardiac veins drain the heart wall

Almost entirely to the coronary sinus, and then eventually into the right atrium

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3
Q

Why are the Cardiac veins not called coronary veins?

A

Coronary arteries have crown shaped path round the heart walls (crown - coronation - coronary)

Cardiac veins have a different path and only follow the coronary arteries at certain points

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4
Q

There are 2 sulci on the surface of the heart called the atrioventricular (coronary) sulcus and the interventricular sulcus (anterior and posterior)

What lies in these grooves?

A

Coronary arteries and cardiac veins

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5
Q

What are the main coronary arteries on the heart?

A

Right coronary artery:

  • Arises from Right aortic sinus
  • Runs in AV (coronary) sulcus
  • Gives off Marginal artery as a branch at the inferior margin of the heart
  • Then gives off Posterior intervent. artery as branch

Left coronary artery:

  • Arises from left aortic sinus
  • Runs in AV coronary sulcus
  • Splits almost immediately into Circumflex & Anterior interventricular artery
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6
Q

What is an anastomose?

A

Junction of two vessels

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7
Q

Where do anastomoses occur on the heart?

A

Both happen on posterior face of the heart:

Anastomosis between Right coronary artery & Circumflex artery happens in atrioventricular (coronary) sulcus

Anterior and Posterior interventricular arteries junction in the Interventricular sulcus, slightly below the other anastomose

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8
Q

What coronary artery runs in the interventricular sulcus?

A

Anterior interventricular artery

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9
Q

What layer of the heart wall are the coronary arteries located in?

A

Initially embedded within the epicardium

They then pierce the myocardium and give off branches n shit

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10
Q

What does the anterior interventricular artery supply?

A

Interventricular septum

Anterior walls of both ventricles

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11
Q

What does the Circumflex artery supply?

A

Left atrium

Posterior walls of left ventricle

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12
Q

What does the marginal artery supply?

A

Lateral right side of heart (including Right atrium)

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13
Q

What does the posterior interventricular artery supply?

A

Posterior right ventricular walls

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14
Q

List the main veins of the heart wall

A

Great cardiac vein

Middle cardiac vein

Small cardiac vein

Oblique vein of the left atrium

Anterior cardiac veins

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15
Q

What veins drain into the coronary sinus?

A

Great CV

Middle CV

Small CV

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16
Q

What veins drain directly into the Right atrium?

A

Anterior cardiac veins

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17
Q

What are the Venae Cordis minimae?

A

Small veins which drain the heart wall directly into each chamber of the heart

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18
Q

Describe the situation of the Great cardiac vein

A

Lies alongside the anterior intervent. artery

In the anterior intervent. sulcus

19
Q

Describe the situation of the middle cardiac vein

A

Lies alongside the posterior intervent. artery

In the posterior intervent. sulcus

20
Q

What cardiac vein is found at the margin of the heart?

What artery does it run alongside?

A

Small cardiac vein, which runs alongside the marginal artery

‘Marginal’ - margin

21
Q

Where is the coronary sinus?

A

Posterior face of the heart

In the AV sulcus

22
Q

The aorta leaves the heart and quickly sends out branches in the aortic arch, before descending

What are these branches, and what areas roughly do they supply?

A

Bracheocephalic artery
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

Head, neck and upper limbs

23
Q

Where does the descending aorta run?

A

Just in front, and slightly to the left of the vertebral column

24
Q

What does the d. aorta split into first?

When does it do this?

A

Common iliac arteries

L4

25
Q

What do the common iliac arteries split into, and at what level?

A

External and internal iliac arteries

L5

26
Q

Where does the aortic arch begin/terminate?

A

T4

27
Q

What arteries leave the descending aorta?

A

Posterior intercostal arteries (Most easily identifiable)

Bronchial arteries

Oesophageal arteries

Pericardial arteries

28
Q

What artery gives rise to the anterior intercostal arteries?

A

Internal thoracic (mammary) artery

29
Q

Where does the internal thoracic (mammary) artery originate and run?

A

It originates from the subclavian arteries, directly bind the clavicle

The artery runs ‘parasternally’ - beside sternum and are accompanied by internal thoracic veins

Ant. Intercostal arteries branch off at each intercostal space

30
Q

What arteries branch off from the internal thoracic arteries?

A

Anterior intercostal arteries

Pericardiophrenic artery

Superior epigastric artery

Musculophrenic artery

31
Q

Aside from interocostal muscles

What other areas are supplied through branches of the internal thoracic artery?

A

Fibrous pericardium

Parietal pleura

Diaphragm

32
Q

The thoracic descending aorta eventually becomes the abdominal aorta

What areas are supplied by branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Diaphragm

Adrenals

Kidneys

Gonads

Gut tube

33
Q

The common iliac arteries lie in ________

A

Iliac fossae

34
Q

What do the external iliac arteries become?

A

Femoral arteries

These supply the lower limbs

35
Q

What do the internal iliac arteries supply?

A

Pelvic viscera

36
Q

“Arteries have branches, while veins have ________”

A

Tributaries

37
Q

The superior vena cava is responsible for draining blood from…

A

Drains the head, neck and upper limbs

38
Q

The inferior vena cava drains blood from which areas in the body?

A

Abdominal & pelvic cavities

Lower limbs

39
Q

Where does the internal thoracic vein drain?

A

It drains the anterior intercostal veins to the left and right brachiocephalic veins

40
Q

What are the main tributaries of the Superior vena cava?

A

L&R brachiocephalic veins

Azygos vein (into which the Post. Intercost. veins drain)

41
Q

What are the main tributaries of the inferior vena cava?

A

Left & right common iliac veins

42
Q

What chest wall veins drain into the azygos vein?

A

RIGHT posterior intercostal veins

43
Q

Why do only the right posterior intercostal veins drain into the azygos vein?

A

Left post. intercostals drain into the hemiazygos vein, which drains into the azygos vein at levels T8/T9

44
Q

Where are the Azygos and hemiazygos vein?

A

Azygos runs up the Right side of the Vertebral column, in the posterior mediastinum

Hemiazygos runs up the left of the Vertebral column, and is slightly smaller

Veins draining the Hemiazygos into the Azygos vein run around the front of the Vertebral column at levels T8/T9

Analtomy (6 decks)

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