D-Limonene Flashcards Preview

RUSVM Toxicology > D-Limonene > Flashcards

Flashcards in D-Limonene Deck (8)
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1
Q

What is D-Limonene?

A
Named from the peel of the lemon
Major constituent in EO from citrus fruit peels
Clear Colorless
Volatile 
Cyclic monoterpene hydrocarbon
Lipophilic
2
Q

What are sources of exposure?

A

Botanical insecticide
Botanical herbicide
Biodegradable cleaning agents and solvents

3
Q

What is the toxicity?

A

Generally considered safe 1-5%
-dogs and cats susceptible, but cats more sensitive

Contains a photosensitizer that readily oxidizes in air and sunlight, especially to sensitive skin produce mild irritation or dermal sensitization

4
Q

What are the main toxicokinetic effects?

A

Metabolized in the liver (hepatotoxic) and excreted in the urine (nephrotoxic)

5
Q

What are the clinical signs?

A

Ataxia, weakness, recumbency, paralysis
CNS depression, hypothermia, and hypotension
Patient smells like lemons
Mild to severe skin reactions (necrotizing dermatitis)

6
Q

Is there any specific test to diagnose this? If so, or if not, what is the test or how do we diagnose?

A

No specific test

Diagnosis is generally made based on exposure history and lemon scent

7
Q

What is the treatment?

A

Decontamination (shampoo)
Monitor temp- watch out for iatrogenic hypothermia which is similar to pyrethins
Fluids

8
Q

What is the prognosis?

A

Excellent in subleathal toxiosis
Usually resolves in 6-12 hours
Worse if rare skin rxns