Decapods (& a little of the Isopods) Flashcards Preview

BI1512 - Diversity of Life 2 > Decapods (& a little of the Isopods) > Flashcards

Flashcards in Decapods (& a little of the Isopods) Deck (27)
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1
Q

Arthropoda is a super phylum made of 3 subphylum. Name them.

A

Chelicerata,
Uniramia,
Crustacea

2
Q

Chelicerata is a subphylum made of 3 classes. Name them.

A

Merostomata (horse shoe crabs),
Arachnida (spiders, scorpions),
Pycnogona (sea spiders)

3
Q

Uniramia is a subphylum made of 2 classes. Name them.

A

Myriapoda (centipedes, millipedes),

Hexapoda (insects)

4
Q

Crustacea is a subphylum made of 9 classes. Name them.

A
Cephalocarida (detritivores, discovered 1955),
Branchiopoda (water fleas, shrimps),
Remipedia (cave spp. discovered 1980),
Mystacocarida (meiobenthic),
Branchiura (parasitic fish lice),
Copepoda (copepods),
Cirripedia (barnacles),
Ostracoda (ostracods),
Malacostraca (shrimps, lobsters, crabs)
5
Q

Malacostraca is a class that is composed of 3 subclasses. Name them.

A

Phyllocarida,
Hoplocarida,
Eumalacostraca.

6
Q

Phyllocarida has 1 order. What is it?

A

Leptostraca (sea fleas)

7
Q

Hoplocarida has 1 order. What is it?

A

Stomatopoda (mantis shrimps)

8
Q

Eumalacostraca is made up of 3 superorders. What are they?

A

Syncarida,
Peracarida,
Eucarida

9
Q

Syncarida has 2 orders. What are they?

A

Bathynellacea,

Anaspidacea

10
Q

Peracarida has 9 order. What are they?

A
Spelaeogriphacea,
Thermobasenacea,
Lophogastrida,
Mysida,
Mitacea,
Amphipoda,
Isopoda,
Tanaidacea,
Cumacea
11
Q

Eucarida has 3 order. What are they?

A

Euphausiacea,
Amphionidacea,
Decapoda

12
Q

What is the largest grouping in Malacostraca? What does it include?

A

Decapoda;

includes crabs, shrimps, crayfish and lobsters

13
Q

Thoracic segments fused to form a carapace (branchial chamber) is called the ____________.

A

Cephalothorax

14
Q

What is the pleon?

A

the abdomen

15
Q

Maxillipeds are found where?

A

Thoracic I - III

16
Q

What is found at Thoracic IV - VIII? How many are there?

A

Pereopods;

5

17
Q

There are 6 pleopods. What are they called?

A

Pleopods 1 - 5 are called “Swimmerets”;

Pleopod 6 is called the Uropod

18
Q

From egg to adult crab, what are the stages of a generalised crab life cycle?

A
Egg;
Zoea;
Megalopa;
Juvenile Crab;
Adult Crab
19
Q

From egg to adult, what are the stages of a generalised shrimp life cycle?

A
Egg;
Nauplius;
Protozoea;
Mysis;
Postlarval stage;
Adult
20
Q

Where can species of the order Isopoda be found?

A

Terrestrial, marine and freshwater environments

21
Q

Where do Isopoda females carry young?

A

in a pouch

22
Q

Few marine species are fish parasites. Give a named example of one.

A

Ceratothoa imbricate

23
Q

What is biphasic moulting?

A

The back part of the body is cast off before the anterior part.

24
Q

What are the 3 hypothesis explaining global diversity patterns in freshwater crabs? Briefly describe.

A
  1. Polyphyletic - crabs originated from a number of marine ancestors. Morphological similarities - convergence, NOT common ancestry.;
  2. Archaic - Single Gondwanan origin with today’s distribution is the result of the breaking up of the supercontinent. Morphological similarities - common ancestry.;
  3. Phylogenetic - Colonisation of freshwater from a SINGLE marine ancestor. Morphological similarities - post-gondwanan - common ancestry.
25
Q

How can global diversity patterns be explained?

A

Multiple colonisations from different marine ancestors;
OR;
Single colonisation prior to the Gondwanan break up

26
Q

Name at least 3 habitats that freshwater crabs can be found in.

A
Rivers;
Streams;
Waterfalls;
Wetlands;
Karsts;
Caves

Many species are semi-terrestrial

27
Q

What do freshwater crabs require?

A

Excellent water quality.

Sensitive to O2 levels;
heavy metals;
organic pollution etc.