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Flashcards in Depression Deck (34)
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1
Q

What is Unipolar

A

Low mood only

2
Q

What is Anhedonia

A

Inability to feel pleasure

3
Q

Insomnia

A

Lack of sleep

4
Q

Hypersomnia

A

More than usual sleep

5
Q

Suicidal Ideation

A

Suicidal thoughts

6
Q

One of these symptoms are needed to be classed with a major depressive episode

A

Low mood or anhedonia

7
Q

Five of these symptoms are needed to be classed with a major depressive episode

A
Change in weight
Psychomotor agitation
Fatigue
Insomnia or hypersomnia
Feeling worthless
Difficulty concentrating
Suicidal ideation

SPIFF CD

8
Q

How often must depressive symptoms be present?

A

Nearly every day for at least two weeks

9
Q

How long does the depressive state count as bereavement?

A

2 months

10
Q

Dysthymia requires a depressed mood how often?

A

50% of the time

11
Q

What is double depression?

A

Dysthymia and major depressive episode

12
Q

What is point prevalence?

A

Percentage of people who have depression at any one time (normally in the last year)

13
Q

What is the point prevalence of depression in the USA?

A

7.3% (Weinberger et al, 2018)

14
Q

What is lifetime prevalence?

A

Percentage of people who will experience depression in their lifetimes

15
Q

What is the lifetime prevalence of depression?

A

Varies from 10-20% (Kessler et al, 2003)

16
Q

What is the number one cause of disability in the world?

A

Depression (Murray & Lopez, 1996)

17
Q

Who said depression has a negative impact on parent-child and romantic relationships?

A

Downey & Coyne 1990

18
Q

What is the percentage rate of suicides in depressed people?

A

2-9% in depressed people
1% general population
Bostwick & Pankratz, 2000)

19
Q

Those with depression have a greater risk of what?

A

Heart disease (Lett et al, 2004)
Diabetes (Brown & Newman, 2005)
Stroke (Liebetrau, 2008)

20
Q

Which sex is at a higher risk for depression?

A

Women

21
Q

Which sex is at a higher risk for suicide?

A

Men

22
Q

What does acutely depressed mean?

A

The patient is currently depressed

23
Q

What percentage of depressive episodes recover not their own within 6-9 months?

A

70%

24
Q

What is the average number of lifetime episodes

A

4-6 (Angst et al, 1973; Judd, 2997)

25
Q

Pattern of recurrence

Belcher & Costello, 1998
(Keller, 1998)

A
20% recurrence at 2 months
30% recurrence at 6 months
40% recurrence at 1 year
50% recurrence at 2 years
76% recurrence by 5 years

Risk is greater the more episodes of depression: More than 3 episodes 40% relapse within 3 months, 70% within 6 months

26
Q

Illnesses associated with depression

A

Nervous system diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease) (Cummings et al, 1999)

Vascular diseases (e.g., heart disease) (Jiang et al, 2002)

Endocrine diseases (e.g., hypothyroidism) (Gold et al, 1981)

27
Q

Which medications are used for depression?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Electroconvulsive therapy

28
Q

Which forces did Beck say shape negative thinking patterns?

A

Family life, adolescence, peers, losses and stresses

29
Q

What is the negative triad?

A

Negative thoughts about the self, world and future

30
Q

What is negative propaganda?

A

Voice of criticism

31
Q

Treatments involved in CBT (6 of them)

A
Behaviour experiments
Tracking NATs
Challenging NATs, and by checking them…
Challenging core beliefs
By reviewing evidence
In the therapeutic alliance
32
Q

Approx how many patients on antidepressants are treated to remission

A

2/3 (Thase et al)

33
Q

What is the risk of depression is there is a family history of it?

A

50-80%

34
Q

What % increased likelihood of survival is there for patients with strong social relationships?

A

50%