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Flashcards in Derm Deck (17)
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1
Q

Junctional nevi

A

FLAT

black to brown pigemented macules

2
Q

Compound Nevus

A

Aggregates of nevus extend into dermis

RAISED PAPULES, with uniform brown to tan pigmentation

*has both dermal and epidermal involvemnt

3
Q

Older lesion in which epidermal nests of nevous cells have been lost

A

Intrademeral Nevus

Remaining dermal nevus lose tryosinase activaty and produce little ot no pigement

Skin to tan colored, dome shaped, sometimes peducualted

4
Q

Hyperkeratosis

Parakeratosis

A

Psoriasis

hyperkeratosis = increased thickness of stratus corneum

Parakeratosis - hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum

5
Q

Normal melanocyte number with decreased melanin production

Decreased tyrosinase activity or defective tyrosinase tranpsort

**can also be caused by failure of neural crest cell migration during development

A

Albinism

6
Q

Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes

A

Vitiligo

7
Q

Acantholysis

A

Separation of epidermal cells = Pemphigus Vulgaris

8
Q

Subepidermal nonacantholytic blisters

A

Bullos Phemphigoid

Epidermis separates from the dermis

Abs to hemidesmosomes

9
Q

Role of metalloproteases

A

Degradation of collagen and other proteins in the extracellular matric

Important in wound healing

Encourages myofibroblasts accumulation at wound edges and scar tissue remodeling

10
Q

Role of myofibrobalsts in wound healing

A

Initiate wound contraction during healing by second intention

High metalloprotease activity = high myofibroblasts = excessive wound contraction = contractures

11
Q

Actinic keratoses may transform into what over several years?

A

Invasive squamous cell carcinoma

12
Q

Auspitz sign

A

Psoriasis

Pinpoint bleeding spots from exposure of dermal papillae when scales are scraped off

13
Q

+ Nikolsky sign

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

  • Separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
  • can also involve oral mucosa
14
Q

Sudden appearance of multiple seborrheic keratoses

A

Leser-Trelat sign

Indicates an underlying malignancy, usually GI

15
Q

Why is a freckle dark?

A

Increased numbers of melanosomes

NO INCREASED MELANOCYTES

16
Q

Spongiosis

A

Epidermal accumaltion of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces

Seen in eczematous dermatitis (acute allergic contact dermatitis)

17
Q

Common gene mutation in melanoma

A

BRAF = protein kinase involved in activating the signaling pathways of melanocyte proliferation