Desferrioxamine Flashcards Preview

DRUG PROFILES > Desferrioxamine > Flashcards

Flashcards in Desferrioxamine Deck (13)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is desferrioxamine?

A

natural product isolated from streptomyces pilosus. Forms iron complexes.
Used as cheklating agent, espeically in mezylate form.

2
Q

What class of drugs does desferrioxamine belong to?

A

detoxifying agents

antidotes

3
Q

What are drugs are in the same class as desferrioxamine?

A

atropine sulfate
acetylcysteine
nalozone hydrochloride
penicillamine

4
Q

What is desferrioxamine indicated for?

A

acute iron or Aluminium toxicity in certain patients.
treatment of chronic iron overload
Used to treat certain patients with anemia who must receive many blood transfusions.

5
Q

What is the dose of desferrioxamine used for treating iron toxicity?

A

subcutaneous infusion

20-50mg/kg daily over 8-12 hours, 3-7x/week (adult)

6
Q

What is the mechanism of action of desferrioxamine?

A

Binds to trivalent ferric iron with strong affinity to form ferrioxamine. This is a stable complex which is eliminated via kidneys.

7
Q

What are the main PK or PD parameters with desferrioxamine use?

A

PK:
Rapidly absorbed after IM or SC admin, but poorly absorbed from GIT in the presence of in tact mucosa.

Less than 10% bound to serum proteins in vitro

Mainly metabolised in plasma. hepatic metabolism minimal.

some excretion in bile.

second phase half life of 6 hours.

8
Q

What are the precautions associated with desferrioxamine use?

A

risk of growth retardation with excessive doses
aluminium related encepalopathy
pregnancy class B3: teratogenic in animal studies
Use with caution if breast feeding. insufficient data.
monitor cardiac function, urinary FE excretion or serum ferritin.

9
Q

What are the contraindications associated with desferrioxamine use?

A

known hypersensitivity to active substance, except where successful desensitisation makes treatment possible

10
Q

What are the adverse reactions associated with desferrioxamine use?

A
nausea
vomiting
abdominal pain
headache
pyrexia
growth retardation
bone disorders
hearing disturbanes
injection site reactions

Rare: diarrhoea, hepatic impairment, hypotension, anaphylaxis

11
Q

What are the main drug interactions associated with desferrioxamine use?

A

concurrent treatment with prochlorperazine may lead to termporary impairment of consciousness.

combined treatment with high doses of vitamin C (>500mg/day) associated with impairment of cardiac function

avoid levomepromazine- advised by manufacturer

12
Q

What are the alarm bells associated with desferrioxamine use?

A

may cause growth retardation, bone disorders, eye and ear problems

13
Q

What monitoring is involved with desferrioxamine use?

A

Have an eye and ear examination before treatment AND at 3 month intervals during treatment.

monitor body weight and height in children at 3 month intervals