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Flashcards in Desquamation Disorders Deck (31)
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1
Q

characteristic erythematous iris-shped papules and vesicobullous lesions involving the extremities (especially the palms and soles) and the mucus membranes

A

erythema multiforme

2
Q

What are the major differences between EM minor and EM major?

A

EM minor is often due to HSV and has few systemic sx, whereas EM major is often due to meds and has systemic sx

3
Q

What do the following medications have in common: bactrim, dapsone, anti-epilectics, PCN, cephalosporins, and allopurionol?

A

frequent offenders to cause erythema multiforme

4
Q

drug induced or idiopathic rxn patterns characterized by skin tenderness and erythema followed by cutaneous and mucosal exfoliation. potentially life threatening

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

5
Q

considered a maximal variant of Erythema Multiforme Major

A

Steven’s Johnsons

6
Q

Considered a maximal variant of Steven’s Johnsons

A

toxic epidermal necrolysis

7
Q

Most common age of presentation for SJS and TEN

A

> 40yrs

8
Q

How long after drug exposure might SJS or TEN occur?

A

1-3 weeks

9
Q

Conditions that are risk factors for SJS or TEN

A

Lupus, HIV, HLS-B12

10
Q

Treatment for SJS/TEN

A

Cessation of causative drug. ICU, fluids, IVIG (halts progression). erythromycin ointment for eye lesions

11
Q

Medication that is commonly associated with a drug rash

A

Bactrim (Septra)

12
Q

Treatment for drug rash

A

benadryl, steroids, avoid sweating

13
Q

What do the following have in common: petechiae, subungal splinter hemorrhages, Osler’s nodes, Janeway lesions, roth spots.

A

peripheral lesions of bacterial endocarditis

14
Q

exudative lesions in the retina

A

roth spots

15
Q

Small, non-blanching, reddish-brown macules on extremities, upper chest, mucus membranes. Occur in crops

A

petechial lesion

16
Q

Establish the diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis

A

blood cultures (3 sets 1hr before abx)

17
Q

Patient presents 1-2 wks after tick bite with fever > 102, chills, weakness, headache and photophobia. Indirect fluorescent antibody is positive

A

RMSF

18
Q

What day of fever does a red macular rash of RMSF that evolves to petechiae usually show up?

A

2nd-6th day

19
Q

Common areas involved in RMSF rash

A

palms and soles

20
Q

What do you need to rule out when diagnosing RMSF with blood cultures and CSF?

A

meningoccemia

21
Q

How is meningococcemia transmitted?

A

droplets

22
Q

pain in the hamstrings upon extension of the knee with the hip at a 90 degree flexion

A

Kernig sign

23
Q

flexion of the knee in response to flexion of the neck.

A

brudzinski

24
Q

Patient presents with nuchal and back rigidity, high fever, chills, HA. Kernig and Brudzinkski are positive

A

meningococcemia

25
Q

Common locations of the pink 2mm-10mm macule/papule rash of meningococcemia

A

pressure points and lower extremities

26
Q

Important complication of meningococcemia typically present in toxic patients with ecchymotic skin lesions

A

DIC

27
Q

fibrin degradation product, present when coagulation system has been activated

A

D-Dimer

28
Q

What conditions does D-Dimer aid in diagnosing?

A

DIC and DVT

29
Q

Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Early phase consists of tenosynovitis, arthralgias, dermatitis, and peripheral skin lesions.

A

Gonococcemia

30
Q

Describe the classic skin lesions of gonococcemia

A

acral hemorrhagic pustules

31
Q

Treatment for gonococcemia

A

ceftriaxone, 1 gram IV daily, until 48 hours after improvement begins then switch to cefixime for 1 wk