Development Of The Nervous System Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Development Of The Nervous System Deck (18)
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1
Q

This process occurs during the 3rd week of embryogenesis, and is when the 3 layers of embryonic tissue are formed.

A

Gastrulation

2
Q

Name the 3 different structures that are involved in the development of the nervous system:

A

The notochord - forms 1st
The neural tube - gives rise to CNS
The neural crest - gives rise to PNS

3
Q

The CNS develops from the primitive (ecto/endo/meso)derm?

A

Ectoderm

4
Q

The first step of neural system development is the formation of the ______ _____.

A

Neural plate

5
Q

During the ______ week of development, the anterior neuropore closes, 3 primary brain vesicles are formed dividing the brain into: (name 3)

A

4th

Prosencephalon (forebrain)
Mesencephalon (midbrain)
Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

6
Q

During the ____ week, the 3 primary brain vesicles divide into 5 secondary brain vesicles, 2 additional flexures appear, and the optic cup and nerves bulge from the diencephalon to form the eye.

A

5th

7
Q

Anterior horn motor neurons innervate skeletal muscle and are classified as _______ _______.

The lateral horn motor neurons project to autonomic ganglia and are classified as _______ ________.

A

Somatic efferent (SE)

Visceral efferent (VE)

8
Q

_______ neurons whose peripheral processes innervate the skin and receptors in joint capsules, tendons, and muscles are classified as somatic afferent (SA).

A

Sensory

9
Q

The intervertebral foramina, containing the spinal nerves, move caudally; and nerves from lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal levels are lengthened to form a bundle called the _____ ______.

A

Cauda equina

10
Q

_______ are paired blocks of paraxial mesoderm.

A

Somites

11
Q

The sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia are derived from the ______ _____.

A

Neural crest

12
Q

The segmental nature of the embryo is reflected in the segmental sensory innervation of the body surface. These segments are known as __________.

A

Dermatomes

13
Q

___________- failure of the anterior neuropore closure. Results in no brain formation, death is inevitable.

A

Anencephaly

14
Q

____________-failure of the back of the skull to close.

A

Cranioshisis

15
Q

The cystic structure contains meninges:_____________

Meninges plus brain:__________________

Meninges plus brain and a part of the ventricular system:________________

A

Meningocele

Meningoencephalocele

Meningohydroencephalocele

16
Q

This type of defect involves herniation of the cerebellar vermis and tonsils through the foramen magnum. Often associated with a cavitation of the spinal cord or of the medulla.

A

Chiari 1 malformation

17
Q

This type of defect is also called the Arnold-Chiari malformation and is associated with myelomeningocele.

A

The Chiari 2 malformation

18
Q

Myeloschisis - defect in the closure of the _________ neuropore.

A

Posterior (spina bifida)