Disorders of Hemostasis Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Disorders of Hemostasis Deck (21)
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1
Q

Name the 5 disorders of hemostasis:

A

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), Thrombotic Thrombycytopenic Purpura (TTP), Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, Henoch-Schonlein Purpura, Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)

2
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)?

A

Autoimmune; body makes antibodies that go and attack platelets, leading to decreased platelet count.

3
Q

Who is most likely to get ITP?

A

Children more often than adults / women more often than men

4
Q

What often precedes ITP?

A

A viral infection.

5
Q

Labs for ITP?

A

Low platelets & everything else is largely normal

6
Q

Signs and symptoms of ITP?

A

Petechiae, purpura, spontaneous bleeding, blood cannot clot

7
Q

What differentiates ITP from Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura?

A

TTP is considered a “Thrombotic Microangiopathy.” Clots form in very small vessels, leading to decreased platelet count.

8
Q

What might you find in the blood in someone with TTP?

A

Von Wilibrand Factor

9
Q

What are key symptoms of TTP?

A

Fever and neurologic problems

10
Q

What two types of hemostasis disorders involve both thrombocytopenia and microangiopathy?

A

TTP and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

11
Q

What does Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome often follow?

A

Diarrhea caused by shiga-like toxin that causes microvascular injury

12
Q

What is the most common cause of kidney failure in kids?

A

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

13
Q

What distinguishes Henoch Schonlein Purpura from the other two types of purpura?

A

It is not a thrombocytopenic condition - platelets aren’t necessarily low.

14
Q

What causes HS Purpura?

A

Vessel inflammation often following pathogenic virus

15
Q

What is Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia?

A

It is what happens when Heparin does the reverse of what it’s supposed to do… instead of causing the blood to thin, Heparin instead causes the blood to clot & thus platelet level tanks.

16
Q

How do you treat HIT?

A

STOP heparin immediately - even if condition is just suspected. Stop before diagnosing. It can be fatal otherwise & deadly clots can form.

17
Q

How do you treat ITT?

A

steroids

18
Q

What is the cause of TTP?

A

lack of activity of ADAMSTS13 enzyme

19
Q

What is the “child version of TTP?”

A

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

20
Q

What is the pathophysiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome?

A

Bacterial infection causes bloody diarrhea / vomiting. Toxin secreted by bacteria damages endothelium. Microtears cause increased clotting and decreased platelet count.

21
Q

What is the only type of non-thrombocytopenic purpura?

A

Henoch Schonlein purpura