DNA Replication Flashcards Preview

Genetics (David Oh) > DNA Replication > Flashcards

Flashcards in DNA Replication Deck (24)
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1
Q

direction of exonuclease activity

A

3-5, proof reading

2
Q

a slow fork rate has what type of initiation

A

more frequent initiation

3
Q

DNA polymerazation

A

5-3 (last nucleotide is base paired)

4
Q

exonuclease activity

A

3-5 (last nucleotide is not base paired)

5
Q

FEN1

A

flap endonuclease, removes primers

6
Q

Topoisomerase I

A

relieves torsional stress

7
Q

RPA

A

replication protein A, single stranded binding protein (SSB), attaches to separated strands to keep them from re-associating

8
Q

5-FU

A

used for colorectal factor, turns int FUTP

9
Q

what helps continue DNA replication for the lagging strand

A

telomerase

10
Q

what helps prevent abnormal fusion events

A

shelterin protein complex

11
Q

what are some rare telomere diseases

A

dyskeratosis congenita (DKC), bone marrow failure

12
Q

DNA replication errors

A

misincorporation, polymerase slippage

13
Q

DNA metabolism error

A

topoisomerase error

14
Q

Damination

A

cytosine to uracil (enz. or spont.)

15
Q

Depurination

A

loss of guanine or adenine (spontaneous)

16
Q

MGMT

A

repairs o6-methylguanine, direct repair - makes guanine

17
Q

FAP2

A

familial adenomatous Polyposis 2: autosomal recessive disorder. caused by MYH gene

18
Q

two clinical correlates of nucleotide excision repair

A

xeroderma pigmentosum and cockayne

19
Q

Lynch Syndrome AKA?

A

HNPCC (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer). correlation with mismatch

20
Q

microsatellite instability

A

happens in repetitive sequences

21
Q

which end joining process has higher fidelity?

A

homologous recombination

22
Q

Irinotecan

A

Topisomerase inhibitor used to treat colorectal cancer

23
Q

Oxaliplatin

A

induces DNA damage and is a highly effective component of a combination chemotherapy used to treat testicular cancer. Microtuble inhibitors interfere with mitosis and chromosome segregation.

24
Q

Fanconi Anemia

A

Fanconi anemia is primarily an autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by mutations in any of a set of 15 genes involved in DNA repair. Cells from patients are hypersensitive to DNA cross-linking agents and develop
chromosomal aberrations including breakage. Patients show developmental abnormalities
in major organ systems, upper limb malformations, early-onset bone marrow failure, and a high predisposition to cancer.