Drug Interactions Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Drug Interactions Deck (28)
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1
Q

What fraction of patients leave the doctor’s office w/ at least 1 prescription?

A

2/3

2
Q

What percentage of the US pop. has 4 or more prescriptions

A

40%

3
Q

The rate of ADRs increases after a patient is on how many medications?

A

4

4
Q

Cordarone should not be take with…?

A

Zocor - can lead to kidney failure or death

5
Q

Taking Antihistamines should be cautioned when taken with…?

A

sedatives, tranquilizers, high BP and depression medications

6
Q

Products taken by mouth that contain a “dietary ingredient”

A

Dietary Supplement

7
Q

What percentage of American adults use dietary supplements on a regular basis?

A

50%

8
Q

Which dietary supplement, used to treat DEPRESSION, induces the CYP450 system, and negatively reacts with BIRTH CONTROL?

A

St. John’s Wort

9
Q

This supplement should not be taken with blood-thinners as it can cause an increased risk of bleeding

A

Vitamin E

10
Q

This supplement counteracts coumadin

A

Vitamin K

11
Q

This supplement, used for memory, decreases the effectiveness of anticonvulsants

A

Ginko Biloba (also contains an anti-coagulant property)

12
Q

Food-Drug interactions are caused by which 3 general categories

A

Food, Caffeine, Alcohol

13
Q

To reduce Food-Drug interactions, take medications ___hrs before or ___hrs after eating

A

1hr before, 2hrs after

14
Q

Main food interaction recommended to avoid while taking medications

A

Alcohol

15
Q

Increases the risk for Lanoxin toxicity and may reduce effects of BP medication

A

Licorice

16
Q

MAOIs should not be consumed with excessive amounts of ___

A

Chocolate

17
Q

Has more than 40 interactions with drugs including Ca channel blockers, statins, and antihistamines

A

Grapefruit

18
Q

Should not be consumed while taking Warfarin

A

Cranberry juice (mainly) - as well as foods high in Vitamin K like dark green leafy vegetables, tomatoes and avocados - no guac for you :(

19
Q

Avoid foods high in ___ while taking MAOIs***

A

Tyramine (MAOs degrade tyramine)

20
Q

Effects of those taking MAOIs while ingesting foods high in tyramine***

A

BP spike and possible Stroke

21
Q

Foods high in tyramine***

A

Cheeses, draft beer, red wine, chocolate (ideal evening)

22
Q

Effect of Tobacco + Coffee

A

Tobacco speeds up same enzymes needed to clear caffeine - creates a coffee tolerance

23
Q

Foods/Supplements that INDUCE CYP

A

Caffeine, Licorice, Alcohol, St. John’s Wort, Tobacco - (CLAST)

24
Q

Foods/Supplements that INHIBIT CYP

A

Black Cohosh, Echinacea, Ginko, Grapefruit - (BEGG)

25
Q

Why should you not give supplements/foods that interfere with CYP enzymes to patients already on other medications

A

May cause TOXICITY or other life-threatening reactions

26
Q

Side effects of nutrient depletions

A

GI related - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, decreased absorption

27
Q

Antibiotics deplete

A

Vitamin K

28
Q

SSRIs deplete

A

Sodium, melatonin