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Flashcards in Drugs with CV Actions Deck (23)
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1
Q

1st Gen Nonselective BB

2nd Gen selcetive B1B

A

Propranolol/Nadolol

Atenolol/Meoprolol

2
Q

3rd gen BB blockers

Blocks alpha receptors/antioxidants/reduces CH

Blocks Alpha receptors

Vasodilator actions

A

Carvedilol

Labetalol

Nebivolol

3
Q

Dihydropyridine Ca Channel Blockers

Vasodilators with mixed mechanisms

Inhibitors of RAAS

Thiazide diuretics

A

Amlodipine/Nifedipine

Hydralazine/Minoxidil

Aliskerin/Lisinopril/Losartan

Hydrochlorothiazide/Chlorthalidone

4
Q

Na Channel blocking diuretics

Aldosterone antagonists

Central Alpha 2A agonist

A

Amiloride/triameterine

Eplerenerone/spironolactone

clonidine

5
Q

Beta Adrenergic receptor antagonists block

A

actions of endogenous NT and exogenous drugs

Beta 1 and B2

6
Q

Physio consequences of the B1 receptor

BB effect

Partial _____ effect

A

Inc contractile force, HR, renin release/At2

dec force/rate of mycardial contraction and renin secretion

antiarrhthymic

7
Q

Therapeutic indications for BB

HTN
SVT
IHD
PMI
HF
A

HTN- dec CO/HR/Renin

SVT- blocks SA/AV node

Ischemic HD- dec force/rate and decrease myocardial O2 consumption

MI= prevent reinfarction, dec O2 consumption, blocks arrhythmias

HF- reduces symp activity, hypertrophy, free radicals

8
Q

SE of BB

B2B

A

Bradycardia/AV nodal blockade
Dec contractility
Hypotension
Sedation/fatigue/lassitude

Exacerbates airway dz (COPD/asthma) and PVD (Raynauds)

9
Q

Dihydropyridine Ca Channel Blockers

Use
Effect

A

Amlodipine/nifedipine

1st line anti-HTN
Arterial vasodilators dec PVR

10
Q

CCB MOAs

A

Block Ca channels in heart- slow HR, lower BP

Dilates arteries- lower pressure

11
Q

Hydralazine (vasodilator)

Use

Toxicities- genetics and typical

A

Relax arterial SM
2nd line- moderate to severe HTN

G- inactivated by N-acetylation, can produce lupus like syndrome, inc with slow acetylators

HypoTN, headache, tachycardia

12
Q

Minoxidil (VD) MOA

USE
SE

A

Arterial vasodilator that stimulates outward K+ channel, leading to repolarization of VSM

Treatment of M/S HTN

Hypotension/headache/tachycardia/hair growth

13
Q

Aliskerin
Losartan
Lisinopril MOA

A

inhibits renin

blocks At1 receptor

Blocks ACE

14
Q

Therapeutic indications for ACEI and ARBs

Caution

A

1st line for HTN and HF

Pregnancy

15
Q

SE of ACEI

A

Persistent cough

ACE degrades bradykinin

Blockage leads to build up and cough

16
Q

SE of ACEI/ARBs

A

Hyperkalemia bc dec aldo secretion (concern with other drugs)

Angioedema
Loss of taste
HypoTN

17
Q

Aliskerin MOA

Use

A

Binds to active site of renin, blocks catalytic activity- dec AT2

Alone/combo to treat HTN

18
Q

Thiazide diuretics use

Initial/LT effect

A

1st line for HTN- alone or in combo

Reduce plasma volum- hypoTN

LT= dec PVR

19
Q

SE and toxicity of Thiazides

Interactions

A

HypoTN, volume depletion, impotence

Hypokalemia- inc risk of arrhythmias

HS rxns due to similarity to sulfonamides

NSAIDS can blunt effect
Inc Lithium levels- toxicity in therapy of BPD

20
Q

K+ sparing diuretics

Na channel inhibitors

Aldo agonists

A

Amiloride and triamterine

Spironolactone/Eplerenerone

21
Q

Uses of K+ sparing diuretics

Spironolactone and eplerenerone

A

Not alone for HTN
Minimize K+ loss by other diuretics (help other diuretics)

S/E= HF

22
Q

K+ diuretics toxicity

A

hyperkalemia
S- gynecomastia and dec libido and impotence in men, menstrual irregularities in women

E has less effects

23
Q

Clonidine

Can treat

A

Agonist of A2 receptors in BS CV center

Dec sympathetic outflow

Dec blood pressure

HN, ADHD, withdrawal, neuropathic pain, Tourette’s syndrome