Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What term is given to the developing baby from when fertilisation occurs to the end of week 3?

A

Conceptus

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2
Q

What term is given to the developing baby from week 4 to week 8?

A

Embryo

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3
Q

What term is given to the developing baby from week 9 to birth?

A

Foetus

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4
Q

What are the 6 phases of embryonic development?

A
Gametogenesis
Fertilisation
Cleavage
Gastrulation
Morphogenesis
Organogenesis
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5
Q

What occurs in gametogenesis?

A

Formation of germ cells (sperm, ovum)

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6
Q

What occurs in fertilisation?

A

Formation of zygote

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7
Q

What happens in cleavage?

A

Rapid cell division

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8
Q

What happens in gastrulation?

A

Formation of germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)

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9
Q

What happens in morphogenesis?

A

Folding of embryo forms 3D human-like shape

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10
Q

What will the ectoderm go on to produce?

A

Skin

Nervous system

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11
Q

What will the mesoderm go on to produce?

A

Organs

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12
Q

What will the endoderm go on to produce?

A

Lining of gut

Lung bud

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13
Q

What is the zona pellucida?

A

Tough protein coat surrounding oocyte to give it protection

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14
Q

In cleavage, zygote divides into morula and then further into blastomeres. How many celled blastomeres are totipotent (can give rise to any cell/structure)?

A

8-cell blastomeres are totipotent

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15
Q

What is the amazing thing about development, according to Veronica Van Heyningen?

A

The amazing thing about development is not that it sometimes goes wrong, but that it ever succeeds.

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16
Q

What are the 4 components of Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
Ventricular septal defect