Emergency Flashcards

1
Q

Irregularly irregular pulse and RR interval on the ECG

Acute: Cardioversion
Chronic: Digoxin

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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2
Q

Atrial rate of 300-480 bpm

Regular rhythm with sawtooth undulation of baseline P wave

A

Atrial Flutter

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3
Q

Increased heart rate for age originating from the sinus node

HR: 110-180
Negative P waves in Lead I and aVF

A

Sinus Tachycardia

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4
Q

Most common significant cardiac arrhythmia

A

Supraventricular tachycardia

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5
Q

Sx: palpitation, shortness of breath, chest pain, respiratory distress, syncope, pallor

ECG: 150-300
Ventricular complexes are normal with fixed RR interval

A

Supraventricular tachycardia

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6
Q

ECG: rate 120-200, series of 3 or more consecutive ectopic beats

Wide complex tachycardia

Stable: IV Lidocaine
Unstable: cardioversion 1J/kg

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

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7
Q

Most common cause of chest pain in pediatrics

A

Musculoskeletal problems

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8
Q

Warm, tender, erythematous lid swelling, mucoid discharge; conjunctival swelling

A

Preorbital Cellulitis

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9
Q

Warm, tender, erythematous lid swelling, mucoid discharge; conjunctival swelling, ocular pain, limited EOM, chemosis

A

Orbital Cellulitis

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10
Q

Treatment for Orbital and Preorbital Cellulitis

A

Cephalexin OR Cefadroxil

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11
Q

Type of burn common in <5y/o

A

Scald burns

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12
Q

Type of burn common in 5-13y/o

A

Flame burns

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13
Q

Superficial epidermal layer is involved

Pink or light red; blanches on pressure

Heals without scarring within 6 days

A

First Degree Burn

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14
Q

Partial thickness burns

Papillary layer of dermis; with blisters and bullae, extremely painful

Heals within 10-20days

A

Second degree burn

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15
Q

Full thickness burns

All skin elements are lost, skin is dry, white or charred, thrombosed visible veins

A

Third degree burn

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16
Q

Involvement of subcutaneous tissue, fascia, tendon, muscle and/or bone

A

Fourth degree burn

17
Q

Most common cause of scrotal swelling

A

Testicular torsion

18
Q

Brain injury not demonstrable in radiographs but associated with a transient LOC

A

Concussion

19
Q

Area of focal edema with or without hemorrhage in CT scan; with LOC and focal deficits

A

Contusion

20
Q

Tear in middle meningeal artery

Temporoparietal skull fracture

Concussion followed by lucid interval and loss of consciousness with increase ICP

A

Epidural Hematoma

21
Q

Tearing of the bridging veins between cerebral cortex and dura associated with severe brain injury

Coma or seizures; common in infants

A

Subdural hematoma