Endocrine Disorders Flashcards Preview

NBS Part One- Pathology > Endocrine Disorders > Flashcards

Flashcards in Endocrine Disorders Deck (37)
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1
Q

What conditions results in an increase in growth hormone?

A

Gigantism (child) and acromegaly (adult)

2
Q

What condition results in a decrease of growth hormone?

A

Dwarfism

3
Q

What organs does growth hormone target?

A

Bone and cartilage

4
Q

When does growth hormone target bone and cartilage during gigantism?

A

Before the growth plate closure

5
Q

What condition is related to an increase in TSH?

A

Hyperthyroidism (graves)

6
Q

What are the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism?

A

Eight loss, insomnia, tachycardia, goiter, nervousness, hypertension

7
Q

What condition is a result of low TSH?

A

Hypothyroidism

8
Q

What is low TSH called in children?

Adults?

A

Cretinism

Myxedema

9
Q

What is the most common thyroid diagnosis?

A

Hashimotos

10
Q

What does hashimotos initially cause, and then lead to?

A

Causes hyper and leads to hypo

11
Q

What condition does an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone lead to?

A

Hyperadrenalism (cushions)

12
Q

Addison’s disease (bronze skin, hypotension) is related to a decrease in what hormone?

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH

13
Q

What is the target organ of ACTH?

A

Adrenal cortex

14
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone is related to what other hormones?

A

Mineralocortioids, glucocorticoids, androgens

15
Q

What is the target organ for FSH?

A

Ovaries and testes

16
Q

What hormones is FSH related to?

A

Estrogen progesterone and testosterone

17
Q

What condition results from a decrease in Leutinizing hormone?

A

Rare fertile eunuch syndrome

18
Q

What are the target organs of LH?

A

Ovaries and testes

19
Q

What does LH effect in women?

A

Ovulation

20
Q

What does LH affect in boys?

A

Boys with syndrome have pubertal testicles

21
Q

What causes an increase in prolactin?

A

Pregnancy

22
Q

What is related to a decrease in prolactin?

A

Failure to lactate – rare***

23
Q

What is the target organ of prolactin?

A

Mammary glands

24
Q

What does prolactin stimulate?

A

Makes milk

25
Q

What does an increase of melanocyte stimulating hormone? (MSH)

A

Darker color of skin

*No MSH- albino

26
Q

What does a decrease in MSH cause?

A

A lighter color of skin

27
Q

What is the target organ of melanocyte stimulating hormone?

A

Melanocytes

28
Q

What does melanocytes stimulating hormone make?

A

Melanin

29
Q

What are posterior pituitary hormones? (Neurohypophysis)

A

Oxytocin, ADH and vasopressin

30
Q

What does oxytocin stimulate?

A

Uterine contraction and milk “let down” response

31
Q

What does ADH and Vasopressin do?

A

Inhibits urination (anti-diuretic)

32
Q

What organ is affected by diabetes mellitus?

A

Pancreas

33
Q

What hormone is related to diabetes mellitus?

A

Insulin deficiency disorder

34
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus?

A

Polydipsia (drinking) polyuria (peeing) and polyphasic (eating)

“PPP”

35
Q

What organ is associated with diabetes insipidus?

A

Pituitary

36
Q

What hormone is related to diabetes insipidus?

A

ADH deficiency disorder

37
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes insipidus?

A

Polydipsia and polyuria only