Endocrinologie Flashcards
The most common cause of hypothyroidism
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Lab findings in Hashimoto thyroiditis
High TSH, low T4 antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO)
Exophtalmos, pretibial myxedema, an lowered TSH
Graves disease
The most common cause of Cushin syndrome
Iatrogenic corticosteroid administration. The second most common cause is Cushing desease
A patient post-thyroidectomiy presents with signs of hypocalcemia and raised phophorus
Hypoparathyroidism (iatrogenic)
Stones, bones, groans, psychiatric overtones
Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia
Hypertension, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis
1° hyperaldosteronism (due to Conn syndrome or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia)
A patient presents with tachycardia, wild swings in BP, headache, diaphoresis, altered mental status, and a sense of panic
Pheochromocytoma
Which should be used first in treating pheocrhomocytoma, alfa or beta-antagonists
alfa-antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)
A patient with a history of lithium use presents with copious amounts of dilute urine
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
Treatment of central DI
Administration of DDAVP and free-water restriction
A postoperative patient with siginificant pain presents with hyponatremia and normal volume status
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) due to stress
An antidiabetic agent associated with lactic acidosis
Metformin
A patient presents wirh weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and new skin pigmentation. Lab results show hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Treatment?
1° adrenal insufficiency (Addiso disease). Treat mith glucoqcorticoids, mineralocorticoids, en IV fluids.
Goal HbA1c for a patient with diabetes mellitus (DM)
<7.0%
