Environmental and Occupational Lung Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of occupations pre-disposing to hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A
Farmers 
Bird Breeders
Cheese Workers
Mollusc Shell Workers
Paprika splitters
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2
Q

Diseases from occupations which may lead to pneumoconiosis

A

Abestosis
Silicosis
Coal Workers lungs
Berylliosis

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3
Q

Typical CT pattern in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

extensive fibrosis with honeycombing and air-trapping

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4
Q

Focus for treatment of occupational and environmental lung diseases

A

antigen avoidance

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5
Q

Development of mesothelioma occurs over…

A

20 years (30 - 40 usually) after exposure

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6
Q

Asbestos and Smoking do not increase the risk of developing lung cancer over the individual components - True or false

A

False - the risk increases, RR is 30-50 times higher with exposure to both

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7
Q

Indoor environmental sources of lung disease

A

asbestos; mould; cooking smoke; passive smoking; nanoparticles

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8
Q

Outdoor environmental sources of lung disease

A

air and traffic pollution

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9
Q

Areas which are most likely to suffer from indoor damp and mould which increases lung disease

A

deprived and overcrowded

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10
Q

Most dominant part of photochemical Smog

A

ozone O3

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11
Q

photochemical smog components

A

ozone; nitrogen oxide; nitrogen dioxide; volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

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12
Q

Most common hazardous air pollutants

A
Sulphur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Particular matter
Ozone and VOCs
Persistent Organic Compounds
Benzene
Carbon monoxide 
Lead and Heavy metals
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13
Q

Effects of traffic fumes on lung disease (3)

A

Reduced lung growth in adolescents
Increased rates of asthma and COPD
Increased rates of resp. symptomes i.e. cough, wheeze and breathlessness

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14
Q

Effects of inhaled substances outside the lungs

A

Low Birth Weight
Appendicitis
Stroke
Neurological disease i.e. Neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, depression, suicide

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15
Q

Dioxins are associated with…

A

reproductive and immunological problems

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16
Q

Dioxins ______ in people and animal fat

A

bioaccumulate

17
Q

There is enough freshwater on the planet for ____ billion people

A

6

18
Q

Predicted global population by 2030

A

8.1billion

19
Q

Is legionella a notifiable disease?

A

yes

20
Q

places legionella might be found?

A

warm, stagnant water - cooling towers, spas, hospital plumbing