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Flashcards in Epilepsy Deck (13)
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1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Onset: 3-10 years
Duration: 10-20 s
EEG: 3 hz spike and wave
Fx: abrupt onset & offset, eyelid fluttering

2
Q

Complex partial seizure

A

Fx:

  1. Aura- rising epigastric sensation, fear, smell, nausea
  2. Autonomic symptoms: flushing, pupillary dilation, pallor
  3. Dystonia: Contralateral
  4. Automatisms: lip smacking, limb picking- ipsilateral usually
3
Q

Frontal lobe seizure

A
Onset: nocturnal
Duration: short
EEG: often normal
Fx: vocalization, bizarre bimanual/bipedal activity
Post-Ictal Weakness (Todd's Paresis)
4
Q

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

A

Onset: upon awakening
EEG: 4-6 Hz spike and wave
Fx: jerks, may be associated with tonic clonic seizures and absence seizure

5
Q

Generalized tonic-clonic seizures

A

Duration: 1-2 min
EEG: increased activity in all leads
Fx: sudden onset, increased HR/BP, no aura,
vocalization to tonic phase to clonic phase
post ictal confusion and fatigue

6
Q

Psychogenic seizures

A

Onset: middle age, post-emotional event, occur while awake
Duration; prolonged
Fx: CLOSED EYES, axial/trunk involvement

7
Q

Criteria for epilepsy

A
  1. 2 unprovoked seizures more than 24 h apart
  2. Diagnosed epilepsy syndrome
  3. Unprovoked seizure with high probability of another one in next 10 y.
8
Q

Drug resistant epilepsy

A

Failure to achieve seizure freedom with appropriate trials of 2 or more medications

9
Q

Seizure

A

Abnormal electrical activity + hypersynchrony + behavioural changes

10
Q

Status Epilepticus

A

Seizures more than 5 min, or 2+ sequential seizures

Tx: stop seizures with IV benzo, phenytoin, stop cause

11
Q

First unprovoked seizure TX

A

Restrict driving for 3 months

Don’t need AED yet

12
Q

Second unprovoked seizure TX

A

Restrict driving for 6 months

Start AED

13
Q

Best AED for:

  1. Absence
  2. Focal
  3. Generalized
  4. Unsure
A
  1. Absence: ethosuxamide
  2. Focal: carbamazepine, clobezam
  3. Generalized: Valproate
  4. Unsure: keppra, lamotragine