Epilepsy CG137 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Epilepsy CG137 Deck (18)
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1
Q

What imaging to diagnose epilepsy?

A

MRI, especially in those who have first fit <2yo or in adulthood, who have focal onset, or refractive epilepsy

2
Q

What investigations to diagnose epilepsy?

A

EEG, MRI (CT if MRI not available), U+Es, BM, Ca2+, ECG in adults and considered in children, refer for neuropsychological assessment

3
Q

What pharm tx for focal seizures?

A

first line: carbamazepine or lamotrigine monotherapy

4
Q

What pharm tx for newly diagnosed generalised tonic-clonic seizures?

A

first line: sodium valproate (not for women for childbearing age) second line: lamotrigine (may exacerbate myoclonic seizures)

5
Q

What pharm tx of absence seizures?

A

First line: ethosuxamide or sodium valproate

6
Q

What pharm tx of myoclonic seizures?

A

First line: sodium valproate

7
Q

What pharm tx of tonic or atonic seizures?

A

First line: sodium valproate

8
Q

What pharm tx of infantile spasms?

A

First line: prednisolone or tetracosatide or vigabatrin

9
Q

What pharm tx of Dravet syndrome?

A

First line: sodium valproate or topiramate

10
Q

What pharm tx of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome?

A

Sodium valproate

11
Q

What pharm tx of benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes?

A

Firs tline: carbamazepine or lamotrigine

12
Q

What pharm tx of idiopathic generalised epilepsy?

A

First line: sodium valproate (c/i in child-bearing age) Second line: lamotrigine (but can exacerabte myoclonic seizures)

13
Q

What pharm tx of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?

A

First line: sodium valproate Second line: lamotrigine

14
Q

How can adherence to treatment be optimised?

A
  • educating children and families on condition and rationale of treatment - reducing stigma - using simple medication regimes - positive relationships between HCP and child and family
15
Q

What blood tests for those on AEDs?

A
  • no regular blood tests for adults nor children - but every 2-5 years FBC, U+E, LFTs, bone profile for those taking enzyme-inducing drugs. - clotting screen before surgery for those on sodium valproate
16
Q

Can the COCP or minipill be taken with AEDs?

A

COCP yes with caution (lamotrigine particularly), POP cannot be taken as becomes ineffective.

17
Q

What are the differential diagnoses in adults for epilpetic presentations?

A
18
Q

What are the differential diagnoses for epileptic presentations in children?

A