ERC - First Aid And BLS

Question 1

You are a first aider and come across someone with low blood sugars, what do you do

Answer 1

Give 15-20g glucose

Question 2

You are a first aider and come across a dehydrated patient, what do you do

Answer 2

Give a 3-8% electrolyte drink

Question 3

You are a first aider and your patient has had their teeth knocked out, what do you do

Answer 3

Try and reimplant them if possible

Egg white > coconut water > milk

Question 4

You are a first aider and come across an open chest wound, what do you do

Answer 4

Leave it open as risk of tension pneumothorax

Question 5

What is the chain of survival

Answer 5

Recognition of unresponsive and not breathing
Compression only CPR (unless trained in ventilations)
Early defibrillation
Early ALS and post ROSC care

Question 6

What is a duty cycle

Answer 6

Ratio of the time the chest is compressed to the total time from one compression to the next

Question 7

In what patients do you give 5 initial rescue breaths

Answer 7

Children

Drowning victims

Question 8

You are an emergency dispatcher and get a call for a child in cardiac arrest, what do you instruct the bystander to do

Answer 8

Provide ventilations as well as compressions (as opposed to in adults instruct them to do compression only CPR)

Question 9

Why is compression only CPR acceptable

Answer 9

after an arrest the blood in the arterial system and lungs will remain oxygenated for some minutes so ventilations not necessary

Question 10

What is a compression fraction and what is the minimal acceptable

Answer 10

% of time in an arrest in which compressions are done. Should be >60%

Question 11

What are acceptable interuption times for providing breaths and shocks in CPR

Answer 11

breaths: 10 seconds
shocks: 5 seconds

Question 12

At what age is it acceptable to use the adult mode on an AED

Answer 12

Children >8

Question 13

For a child 1-8, how do you need to modify defibrillation

Answer 13

use of paediatric pads

attenuator or paediatric mode

Question 14

In hopsital, is an AED or manual defibrillation preferred?

Answer 14

AED: in areas where there will be a delay in the resuscitation team arriving and first responders don’t have the skill to use a manual defib
Manual: in all other circumstances

Question 15

severe airway obstruction in FBAO is indicated by

Answer 15

can’t speak, can’t cough, can’t breathe