Ethics

Question 1

Define “ethics”

Answer 1

The study of what is morally right and morally wrong

Question 2

What is meant by deontology (deontological ethics)?

Answer 2

Doing something because it is right and adheres to principles, irrespective of consequences
i.e. doing your “duty”

Question 3

What is meant by consequentialism/utilitarianism?

Answer 3

Doing something because of the positive consequences it will bring
(increased wellbeing)

Question 4

What is meant by communitarianism (community ethics)?

Answer 4

Doing something because it will be positive for everyone involved in the act

Question 5

What is meant by virtue ethics?

Answer 5

Doing something because it is honest

Person-based rather than action-based

Question 6

What is meant by religious ethics?

Answer 6

Doing something because it respects the value of human life + abides by individuals religious beliefs

Question 7

What are the 4 main ethical principles defined by Beauchamp and Childress?

Answer 7

Autonomy (free will)
Beneficence (doing good for others)
Non-maleficence (do no harm)
Justice (fair distribution of benefits/risks/costs)