Exam 02 - questions from lecture Flashcards
Where do the spinal meninges stop in the vertebral canal?
S2 / 2nd sacral vertebral level
Where does the CSF end?
in the dural venous sinuses
Where are the dural venous sinuses located?
between the endosteal & meningeal layers of the dura mater
The Pia mater layer is also known as the what?
vascular membrane of the brain
Which layer forms the infolding or reflections for the compartments of the brain?
Falx cerebri -separates cerebrum into R & L hemispheres
Which veins are running in the venous sinuses?
Superior sagittal sinus, inferior sagittal sinus, straight sinus
What are the 3 sinuses located in falx cerebri?
Superior sagittal sinus, inferior sagittal sinus, straight sinus
What are the attachments of the Falx Cerebelli
free margin - attaches to clinoid process
attached margin - attached to posterior clinoid process of sphenoid bone, petrous part of temporal bone, internal surface of occipital bone & part of parietal bone
What are the 3 parts forming the brainstem?
Midbrain, pons, and medulla
Where is the free margin attached?
the cliniod process
What is the tentorium notch?
gap b/w free & attached margins, related to brain stem
Which venous sinus runs in the falx cerebelli?
occipital sinus
which fold of dura mater is pierced by the stalk of the pituitary, infundubullum?
diaphragm sella or sellar diaphragm
What is the termination of the internal jugular vein?
IJV (Internal Jugular vein) meets subclavian vein (from upper extremity) and forms Brachiocephalic vein
What are the venous sinuses inside the cranial cavity?
- Sphenoid parietal sinus
- Cavernous sinuess R & L
- Anterior & Posterior intercavernous sinuses
- Superior & Inferior Petrosal sinus
Which venous sinus forms internal jugular vein?
Sigmoid sinus
What are the veins connected to confluence of sinuses?
- Superior & Inferior sagittal sinus
- straight sinus
- L & R Transverse Sinuses
What is the termination of sigmoid sinus?
internal jugular vein
what is formation of sigmoid sinus?
transverse sinus
superior sagittal sinus
begins in crista galli
What is the function of anterior inter cavernous & posterior inter cavernous sinuses?
connects the cavernous sinuses
Which foramina does Frontal emissary vein run?
Foramen cecum
The occipital sinus communicates with what?
vertebral venous plexus
What sinus makes the R transverse sinus?
Superior sagittal sinus
Which sinus makes the L transverse sinus?
Straight sinus
Where is the Parietal emissary vein located?
near the Sagittal suture
Where is the mastoid emissary vein located?
connects sigmoid sinus with occipital or posterior auricular vein
What is the location of sub occipital venus plexus?
suboccipital triangle
What is the only venous sinus which exits from the cranium through the jugular foramen?
Inferior petrosal sinus
Which cranial nerve exits from the dorsal aspect of the brain?
the trochlear nerve - CN IV
Which cranial nerves are sensory & functioning for special senses?
CN I & CN II
Which are the motor nerves of the eye, control eye muscles?
CN III, IV, VI (3, 4, & 6)
What is the termination of the olfactory nerve?
lateral: piriform cortex of medial lobe
medial: anterior commissure
Where does the optic nerve begin?
from the ganglion cells
What cranial nerves originate ONLY in the midbrain?
CN III & CN IV