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Micro > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What ganglion is associated with shingles?

A

Spinal DRG

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2
Q

What is opportunistic and often transmitted via shared hair brushes and combs ?

A

Piedra

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3
Q

What causes rubella?

A

Rubivirus

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4
Q

What causes mononucleosis ?

A

HHV-4, Ebstein-Barr virus

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5
Q

What organism causes tetanus ?

A

Clostridium tetani

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6
Q

What is the most common symptom of a sty?

A

Infection of hair follicle on eyelid

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7
Q

What causes sporotrichosis ?

A

Sporothrix schenckii

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8
Q

What is the mode of transmission of varicella virus?

A

Highly infectious. Through respiratory tract or eyes.

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9
Q

What disease is associated with the handling or consumption of armadillos?

A

Hansen’s disease (leprosy)

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10
Q

What is the major symptom of rubella ?

A

Rash of flat, pink to red spots

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11
Q

Where the the others names for schistosomiasis?

A

Bilharzia or snail fever.

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12
Q

What is the other name for brucellosis ?

A

Undulant fever

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13
Q

What is the mode of transmission for acanthamoeba keratitis?

A

Enters through cuts, scrapes, conjunctiva

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14
Q

What is the causative organisim of measles ?

A

Morbillivirus

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15
Q

What is another name for California encephalitis ?

A

LaCrosse

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16
Q

What is a non common cause of a sty?

A

Staph epidermidis

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17
Q

Which type of leprosy is progressive and There is a progressive loss of facial features and digits ?

A

Lepromatous leprosy

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18
Q

Tick borne encephalitis is a __________disease ?

A

Emerging

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19
Q

What is the major symptom of monkey pox?

A

Pox lesions that progress through series of stages

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20
Q

Herpetic whitlow is associated with what type of herpes ?

A

HHV-1

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21
Q

What are the 3 cause of ringworm ?

A

Epidermophyton sp, microsporum sp, trichophyton sp

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22
Q

What is the causative organism for oral herpes ?

A

HHV-1

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23
Q

What organism causes polio?

A

Poliovirus

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24
Q

What Is the most common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients?

A

Cytomegalovirus

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25
Q

Singles is reactivated is what percent of people who have had chickenpox ?

A

15%

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26
Q

What pathogen causes onchocerciasis ?

A

Onchocerca valvulus

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27
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Trachoma ?

A

Bacteria from genitals introduced to the eyes in birth canal, or via fomites or fingers

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28
Q

What type of HHV-1 is known as above the waist herpes?

A

Herpes labialis

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29
Q

Which type of meningitis is more common?

A

Viral

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30
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Warts?

A

Direct contact and fomites, AUTOINOCULATION

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31
Q

What is the causative organism of chickenpox ?

A

HHV-3

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32
Q

What type of pathogen is leishmaniasis ?

A

Protozoan

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33
Q

What is the neonate on tetanus mortality and what causes it

A

> 90%, infected umbilical stump

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34
Q

What is the other name for dengue fever?

A

Break bone fever

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35
Q

What is the pathogen that causes brain eating amoeba, which when it is diagnose it is almost always too late for effective treatment?

A

Naegleria fowleri

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36
Q

Which type of leprosy is non progressive and there’s a loss of sensation because of nerve damage ?

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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37
Q

If you have a strong immune system what type of leprosy is associated with it?

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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38
Q

What is the causative organisim of roseola?

A

HHV-6 aka roseolovirus

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39
Q

What are the two polio vaccines and which one do we no longer give out?

A

OPV, IPV. No longer give OPV in the US.

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40
Q

What is the most commonly diagnosed cause of malaria ?

A

P. Vivax

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41
Q

What is a smiling spasm called?

A

Risus sardonicus

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42
Q

What is other name for the disease for nisseria meningitidis?

A

Meningococcus

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43
Q

What is another name for creutzfeldt Jakob disease ?

A

vCID

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44
Q

What two types of herpes are know as above the waist herpes ?

A

Herpes labialis, herpetic whitlow

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45
Q

What is the mode of transmission of amebic meningoencephalopathy?

A

Inhalation of contaminated water

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46
Q

What is the vector for onchocerciasis ?

A

Black fly

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47
Q

What are the symptoms of vCID?

A

Insomnia, weight loss, memory failure, progressive worsening of muscle control

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48
Q

Who was diagnosed with polio?

A

FDR

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49
Q

What is the other name for sporotrichosis?

A

Rose gardeners disease

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50
Q

Where are flat warts found?

A

Trunk, face, elbows, knees.

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51
Q

Head itch?

A

Tinea capitis

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52
Q

What are the symptoms of California encephalitis?

A

Initial viremia then encephalitis, fever, or rash, symptoms are usually mild

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53
Q

What type of pathogen is scabies ?

A

Mite

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54
Q

Lymphatic filariasis is caused by what?

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

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55
Q

What is the mode of transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

A

Most likely from eating BSE contaminated beef

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56
Q

What is a classical zoonotic disease of mammals?

A

Rabies

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57
Q

Hypo or hyperpigmented patches of scaly skin is the key symptom of what disease ?

A

Pityrasis versicolor

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58
Q

What is the source of most cases of rabies in the US?

A

Bats

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59
Q

What is the other name for oral herpes ?

A

Herpes labialis

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60
Q

What is the main symptom of roseola?

A

Rose colored rash.

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61
Q

Which type of encephalitis is a BSL-3 and called sleeping sickness?

A

Eastern equine encephalitis

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62
Q

Does eastern or western EE have higher fatally ?

A

Eastern

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63
Q

What is the of pathogen for loa loa filariasis ?

A

Nematode (roundworm)

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64
Q

In someone with rabies the capsid is described as________ shaped

A

Bullet shaped

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65
Q

What is the most common reported vector borne diseases in the US?

A

Lyme disease

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66
Q

What branch of the trigeminal ganglion does ocular herpes travel down?

A

Ophthalmic branch

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67
Q

What is the vector for Chagas’ disease ?

A

True bug (triatoma)

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68
Q

Where are seed warts found>?

A

Fingers toes

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69
Q

What is the most common cause of cavities ?

A

Streptococcus mutans

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70
Q

What is the pathogen that causes west African sleeping sickness?

A

Trypanosoma bruccei gambiense

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71
Q

What ganglion is herpetic whitlow associated with?

A

Brachial ganglion

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72
Q

What is another name for dermatophytoses?

A

Ringworm

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73
Q

Is Escheria Colli gram positive or negative

A

Negative (endocarditis)

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74
Q

A raised red lesions on specific body region, white yellow thickening of nails is a symptom of what disease ?

A

Dermatophytoses

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75
Q

What is the mode of transmission for ocular candidasis ?

A

It’s an opportunistic pathogen

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76
Q

What causes warts?

A

HPV

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77
Q

What causes black Piedra>?

A

Piedraia hortae

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78
Q

What cause mouth infections ?

A

Streptococcus sanguis

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79
Q

What organisms cause pink eye?

A

Staph aureus, strep pneumoniae, haemopilus aegyptii, adenovirus

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80
Q

What are the symptoms of St. Louis encephalitis?

A

Headache, high fever, neck stiffness, stupor, disorientation, coma, tumors, occasional convulsions and spastic paralysis.

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81
Q

What is the first phase of dengue fever?

A

Fever, edema, and muscle pain

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82
Q

What causes pityriasis versicolor ?

A

Malassezia furfur

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83
Q

Monkeypox is a ________disease

A

Emerging

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84
Q

What is the major symptom of Measles?

A

KOPLIK’S SPOTS,

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85
Q

What is a symptom of opthalmia neonatorum ?

A

Inflammation of cornea or blindness `

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86
Q

What is the major vector for all types or encephalitis

A

Mosquito

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87
Q

What is the name of the pathogen that causes loa loa filariasis ?

A

Loa loa

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88
Q

What are the two other names of Erythema infectiosum ?

A

Fifth disease. Slapped cheek syndrome

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89
Q

What % of dengue fever is asymptotic in patients ?

A

80%

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90
Q

What bio safety lever (BSL) is both Ebola and Margie hemorrhagic fever?

A

BSL-4

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91
Q

Which type of sleeping sickness is more common west African or East African ?

A

West African (95%)

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92
Q

What are the symptoms of tick borne encephalitis?

A

Sore muscles, fever, then encephalitis, with coma, convulsions, and paralysis

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93
Q

What is the major symptom of lymphatic filariasis?

A

ELEPHANTIASIS

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94
Q

What is the other name of measles

A

Rubeola

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95
Q

What is the named type of organism that causes chicken pox?

A

Varicella zoster virus

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96
Q

Schistosomiasis is a __________ disease

A

Reemerging

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97
Q

Which is not caused by a flea bite, pneumonic plague, bubonic plague

A

Pneumonic plague

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98
Q

What is the key association of rubella?

A

In pregnant woman it causes congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)

99
Q

What is the main symptom of ocular candidiasis ?

A

Eye pain, red eye, blindness

100
Q

What is often associated with colon cancer?

A

Streptococcus Bovis

101
Q

What is a key association is roseola?

A

May be linked to MS, may make people more susceptible to AIDS

102
Q

Acanthamoeba keratitis can be prevented by what?

A

Never using nonsterile solutions to clean or store contact lenses. It’s an emerging disease

103
Q

What causes western equine encephalitis?

A

Western equine encephalitis virus

104
Q

What pathogen causes acanthamoeba keratitis ?

A

Acanthamoeba

105
Q

What type of herpes is shingles ?

A

HHV-3

106
Q

What causes scabies ?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

107
Q

What is the name for athletes foot?

A

Tenia pedis

108
Q

What are the three causes of schistosomiasis ?

A

Schistosoma mansoni, s haemotonium, s. Japonicum

109
Q

What are the symptoms of African sleeping sickness?

A

3 stages, site of the fly bite becomes a lesion. Fever, lymph node swelling, and headaches.

110
Q

Is death rare in cases of lepromatous leprosy?

A

Yes

111
Q

What are the other two names for loa loa filariasis ?

A

Subcutaneous filariasis or Loaiasis

112
Q

What is the main vector for leishmaniasis ?

A

Sand fly

113
Q

How is polio most often contracted ?

A

By drinking contaminated water

114
Q

What is the other name for the meningitis that is caused by strep pneumoniae?

A

Pneumococcus

115
Q

What disease causes spongiform encephalopathy?

A

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

116
Q

What is known as the kissing disease ?

A

Mononucleosis

117
Q

Where are plantar warts found?

A

Feet

118
Q

What causes eastern equine encephalitis ?

A

Eastern equine encephalitis virus

119
Q

What causes Variant creutzfeldt- Jakob disease ?

A

Abnormal strains of prion

120
Q

What is the major symptom of acanthamoeba keratitis ?

A

Extreme eye pain, severe redness

121
Q

What causes rabies ?

A

Rabies virus

122
Q

What is the mode of transmission for molluscum contagiosum >?

A

Direct contact (sometimes std)

123
Q

What causes black water fever?

A

Falciparum

124
Q

What is the other name for chicken pox?

A

Varicella

125
Q

What is the pathogen that causes California encephalitis ?

A

California encephalitis virus

126
Q

What is the mode of transmission for conjunctivitis?

A

Direct transmission

127
Q

What HHV causes cytomegalovirus ?

A

HHV-5

128
Q

What is the other name for rubella ?

A

German measles

129
Q

What is the major symptom of herpes labialis ?

A

Blisters on Face/mouth

130
Q

Which type of encephalitis are 80% of people asymptomatic?

A

West Nile virus

131
Q

What is the mode of transmission for ocular herpes?

A

Close contact with active lesions

132
Q

What is another name for tetanus ?

A

Lockjaw

133
Q

What causes viral meningitis ?

A

Enteroviruses: poliovirus, coxsackie virus, echovirus

134
Q

In someone with rabies when is it to late to intervene?

A

By the time symptoms occur

135
Q

What is the cause for the meningitis that is most common in premature babies and infants (Less than 3 months)

A

Strep agalactina

136
Q

What is the mode of transmission of rubeola?

A

Spread in the air via respiratory droplets ( HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS)

137
Q

What is the other name for tularemia?

A

Rabbit fever

138
Q

What causes erythema infectiosum ?

A

Parvovirus B19

139
Q

What is the key symptom of rose gardeners disease

A

Cutaneous sporotrichosis, lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis

140
Q

What organism causes monkeypox?

A

Monkeypox virus (orthopoxvirus)

141
Q

Do condemns afford protection to the molluscum contagiosum virus?

A

May not always

142
Q

What are the 2 main symptoms of schistosomiasis?

A

Swimmers itch, distended stomach

143
Q

What are the symptoms of West Nile virus?

A

Fever, headache, body aches, nausea, vomiting, sometimes swollen lymph glands or a skin rash on the chest, stomach, back.

144
Q

What is the cause of the most common bacterial meningitis in adults.

A

Step pneumoniae

145
Q

What is the type of the pathogen that causes onchocerciasis ?

A

Nematode (roundworm)

146
Q

What type of polio has muscle spasms and back pain?

A

Nonparalytic polio

147
Q

What are the symptoms of cyptococcal meningitis?

A

Similar to bacterial meningitis: headache, dizziness, drowsiness, irritability, confusion, nausea, vomiting, neck stiffness, can progress to loss of vision and coma

148
Q

What is the mode of transmission for a sty ?

A

Direct contact/fomites

149
Q

What is the most common form of botulism is the US?

A

Infant

150
Q

What is another name for onchocerciasis ?

A

River blindness

151
Q

What is the most common cause of meningitis in those less that 20 ?

A

Nisseria meningitidis

152
Q

What is the pathogen that causes East African sleeping sickness?

A

Trypanosome brucei rhodesiense

153
Q

Enlargement (50%) of what organ is associated with mononucleosis ?

A

Spleen

154
Q

What causes Venezuelan equine encephalitis ?

A

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus

155
Q

What is the leading cause of non traumatic blindness in humans ?

A

Trachoma

156
Q

What is the mode of transmission for rubella ?

A

Spread in air via respiratory droplets

157
Q

What is the major symptom of shingles?

A

Painful. Blistering skin rash that follows dermatomes, unilaterally.

158
Q

Why do they call it yellow fever?

A

Because of jaundice

159
Q

What is the second phase of dengue fever?

A

Return of fever and a red rash

160
Q

What pathogen causes ocular herpes ?

A

HHV-1

161
Q

What is the transmission of rabies ?

A

Usually occurs via a bite

162
Q

What is the mode of transmission of oral herpes ?

A

Close contact with active lesions

163
Q

What are the symptoms of West, east, Venezuelan equine?

A

Fever, muscle pain, headache, vomiting, seizures 3-10 days after the bite of an infected mosquito

164
Q

What is the other name for leprosy ?

A

Hansen’s disease

165
Q

What is the cause of St. Louis encephalitis?

A

St. Louis encephalitis virus

166
Q

What is the major symptom of varicella virus ?

A

Extremely itch, fluid filled blisters all over.

167
Q

What are the symptoms of rabies ?

A

Pain and itching at site of infection, fever, malaise, anorexia. CNS: hydrophobia seizures, disorientation, hallucinations, paralysis.

168
Q

What causes molluscum contagiosum ?

A

Molluscum contagiosum virus (molluscipoxvirus)

169
Q

What are the symptoms of onchocerciasis?

A

Long term corneal inflammation, leads to blindness.

170
Q

What is the name of the pathogen of amebic meningoencephalopathy that is NOT known as brain eating amoeba?

A

Acanthamoeba

171
Q

What is the major symptom of hermetic whitlow ?

A

BLISTERS ON FINGERS

172
Q

What is the cause of west Nile encephalitis ?

A

West Nile virus

173
Q

Trachoma will eventually lead to__________?

A

Blindness

174
Q

What is the key association for pityriasis versicolor ?

A

Takes months to return to normal, identified by green color under UV light

175
Q

Ocular herpes is ________in what ganglion?

A

Latent in trigeminal ganglion

176
Q

What is another name for opthalmia neonatorum ?

A

Newborn conjunctivitis

177
Q

What causes opthalmia neonatorum ?

A

Nisseria gonorrhoeae

178
Q

Black vomit is associated with what condition ?

A

Yellow fever

179
Q

Why should pregnant woman not clean litter boxes?

A

Could catch toxoplasmosis

180
Q

What sometimes causes SSPE?

A

Measles

181
Q

Recurrent painful slow spreading blisters anywhere on the body is associated with what type of herpes ?

A

Herpes gladiatorum

182
Q

If you have a weak immune system which type of leprosy is associated with it?

A

Lepromatous leprosy

183
Q

What is the major symptom of erythema infectiosum

A

Redding of the kind that resembles SLAP, aggravated by SUNLIGHT

184
Q

What causes the meningitis that is most common amongst children less than 5, less than 18 months

A

Haemophilus influenzae b

185
Q

What pathogen causes leprosy ?

A

Mycobacterium leprae

186
Q

What is the other name for African sleeping sickness?

A

Trypanosomiasis

187
Q

What are the cause of conjunctivitis?

A

Red eye, infiltration and watering of the eyes are symptoms common to all forms, bacteria causes marked grittiness/irritation and a mucopurulent discharge

188
Q

What is the other name for tinea unguimum

A

Onychomycosis

189
Q

What is the mode of transmission of cyptococcal meningitis ?

A

Inhalation of spores or dried yeast cells

190
Q

What pathogen causes ocular candidiasis ?

A

Candida albicans

191
Q

What is the vector for African sleeping sickness?

A

Tsetse fly

192
Q

What is the most serious form of malaria ?

A

P. Falciparum

193
Q

How much more likely are college aged students to contract nisseria meningitidis ?

A

23X

194
Q

Floppy baby syndrome is another name for what?

A

Botulism is infants

195
Q

What pathogen is the most likely cause of a sty?

A

Staph aureus

196
Q

What causes endemic releasing fever ?

A

Various borrelia

197
Q

Which type of encephalitis is a hard tick vector?

A

Tick borne encephalitis

198
Q

Which is more serious mokeypox or small pox?

A

Smallpox

199
Q

What type of polio has nonspecific symptoms?

A

Minor polio

200
Q

What causes relapsing fever?

A

Borrelia recurrentis

201
Q

When African sleeping sickness invades the CNS what is it called?

A

Meningoencephalitis

202
Q

What is the major symptom of Warts?

A

Benign epithelial growth on the skin or mucous membranes

203
Q

If you see burrows or tunnels on skin what caused it?

A

Scabies

204
Q

What is the other name for viral meningitis ?

A

Aseptic meningitis

205
Q

What is the mode of transmission of hermetic whitlow ?

A

Close contact with active lesions

206
Q

Flaccid paralysis, death from asphyxiation, and inability to Inhale are symptoms of what disease ?

A

Botulism

207
Q

What causes leishmaniasis ?

A

Leishmania sp, L. Brazilienis, L. Donovani, L. Tropica

208
Q

What disease is associated with kissing bugs? And what causes it?

A

Chagas’ disease, trypanosoma Cruzi

209
Q

What category bioterriorst threat is botulism ?

A

A

210
Q

What is the major vector for eastern, western, Venezuelan equine encephalitis?

A

Mosquito

211
Q

Herpetic whitlow is know as what type of virus ?

A

Latent virus

212
Q

What is the other name for leishmaniasis ?

A

Baghdad boil

213
Q

What type of virus is oral herpes?

A

Latent virus

214
Q

Which type of encephalitis should you avoid handling dead birds?

A

West Nile encephalitis

215
Q

What pathogen causes swimming pool conjunctivitis?

A

Adenovirus

216
Q

What follows dermatomes?

A

Shingles (herpes zoster)

217
Q

What is the other name for singles ?

A

Herpes zoster

218
Q

What are the two vectors for loa loa filariasis ?

A

Deer fly and mango fly

219
Q

What is the cause of white Piedra?

A

Trichosporon beiglii

220
Q

Which type of encephalitis is found mostly in Texas ?

A

Venezuelan equine encephalitis

221
Q

What is the pathogen that causes cyptococcal meningitis?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

222
Q

What is the main symptom of scabies?

A

Intense itching, LINEAR red bumps

223
Q

What is the main symptom of ocular herpes?

A

Corneal lesions that can lead to blindness.

224
Q

What is the mode of transmission of monkeypox?

A

Inhalation

225
Q

What is the mode transmission for erythema infectiosum ?

A

Spread most by droplets. ONCE THE RASH IS PRESENT, THE PERSON IS USUALLY NO LONGER INFECTIONS

226
Q

What causes Chana’s disease ?

A

Trypanosoma Cruzi

227
Q

Paralytic polio can result in what?

A

Bulbar polio

228
Q

What type of meningitis is most common in pregnant woman?

A

Listeria monocytogenes

229
Q

Trunk itch ?

A

Tines corporis

230
Q

What is the most common clinical form of cryptococcal infection?

A

Cyptococcal meningitis

231
Q

What is the name for jock itch?

A

Tinea cruris

232
Q

What is the mode of transmission for singles?

A

Reactivated latent chickenpox

233
Q

What is the mode of transmission for roseola >

A

Person to person, most likely by transfer of oral secretions

234
Q

What is the main symptom of loa loa filariasis ?

A

Swelling below skin called calabar swellings

235
Q

Chickenpox most often affects_____and is more serous in______?

A

Children, adults

236
Q

Spastic paralysis, inability in exhale, lockjaw, and death from asphyxiation is associated with what disease ?

A

Tetanus

237
Q

What pathogen causes botulism ?

A

Clostridium botulinum

238
Q

What is the main symptom of molluscum contagiosum?

A

Raised. PEARL like, WAXY papules

239
Q

What causes Trachoma ?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

240
Q

Poliomyelitis is asymptomatic in _______% of infections

A

90%

241
Q

What are the symptoms of amebic meningo encephalopathy?

A

Severe headache, fever, vomiting, neurological tissue destruction lead to hemorrhage, coma, and usually death within 3-7.

242
Q

What ganglion is herpes labialis associated with?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

243
Q

What type of polio produces paralysis and accounts for ____% of all polio cases?

A

Paralytic polio, 1%

Micro (2 decks)

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