Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Skin/MSk > Exam 2 histology of neurons > Flashcards

Exam 2 histology of neurons Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of synapse is a junction complex?

A

a chemical synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are: (a) Electron dense material on the cytoplasmic side of membrane (b) Sites where vesicles approach and fuse with presynaptic membrane?

A

Presynaptic dense projections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is are presynaptic dense projections?

A

(a) Electron dense material on the cytoplasmic side of membrane (b) Sites where vesicles approach and fuse with presynaptic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the filaments found inside neurons?

A

Neurofilamens- intermediate filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the junctional complex consist of?

A

Presynaptic structure; synaptic cleft; post-synaptic structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which way does kinesin move?

A

Toward axon terminal (orthograde)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which way does dynein move?

A

Toward the cell body (retrograde)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain the small-molecule secreting neuron?

A

neurotransmitter is made toward the axon terminal, vesicles are recycled constantly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

explain the peptidergic secreting neuron?

A

Vesicles are loaded with peptides at the golgi apparatus and move toward axon; they aren’t recycled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what covers nerves in the CNS?

A

Oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What covers nerves in the PNS?

A

Schwann cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the layers of connective tissue that binds groups of axons?

A

Epineurium (outer, tough collagen), Perineurium (bundles of fascicles), Endoneurium around individual axons (delicate collagen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do unmyelinated fibers of the PNS consist of?

A

Axon, sheath of Schwann (neurilemma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the sheath of schwann?

A

a Schwann cell that migrates from the neural crest that embraces a number of axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a mesaxon?

A

region where lips of schwann cell cytoplasm meet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the bundle of remak?

A

collective term for a group of unmyelinated fibers encompassed by a single schwann cell

17
Q

what are C fibers?

A

term for unmyelinated axons

18
Q

What is the theory that describes how schwann cells wrap around an axon?

A

Jell-roll theory. Intraperiod line- former outer surfaces of schwann cell membranes that have fused. Major dense line: cytoplasmic surfaces of schwann cell membrane

19
Q

What are regions where Schwann cells meet itself as it encircles the axon?

A

Internal and external mesaxons

20
Q

What are nodes of Ranvier?

A

spaces between Schwann cells that are rich in Na channels

21
Q

T/F: there are synapses in the sensory ganglia

A

False; sensory ganglia neurons only contain pseudounipolar cell bodies

22
Q

Why can PNS neurons regenerate but CNS cannot?

A

Schwann cells help to make a tube-like structure that the nerve can make. Oligodendrocytes do not make this structure because of they cover multiple axons

23
Q

Describe Wallerian or orthograde degeneration

A

Axon, axon terminals and myelin disintegrate; schwann cell sheath and connective tissue layers remain in PNS, phagocytosis by astrocytes and microglia in CNS, macrophages in PNS

24
Q

Describe retrograde degeneration

A

Degenerative changes in the cell body and or portion of axon still attached to cell body; Chromatolysis (cell body and nucleus swell, nucleus becomes eccentric, RER disintegrates and moves to periphery)

25
Q

Describe plasticity in CNS

A

Severing axon of one neuron can allow the creation of a collateral sprouting on a second neuron to innervate target. There is also a lot of redundancy in CNS

26
Q

where are pyramidal cells found?

A

cerebral cortex

27
Q

Does the gray matter of the cerebral cortex stain light or dark pink?

A

Light pink

28
Q

What are the phagocytes in the CNS?

A

microglial cells

29
Q

What type of cells lay between the granular layer and the molecular layer of the cerebellum? Where do their dendrites extend to?

A

Purkinje cells

30
Q

What cells line central canal of spinal cord?

A

Ependymal cells

31
Q

What is the pink stuff that you see in almost all cells. It’s axons and other cellular debris?

A

Neuropil

32
Q

Explain the different classifications of axons

A

A and B are both myelinated, A>B, C is the smallest and doesn’t have myelin

33
Q

What are the functions of astrocytes?

A

Structural support, uptake of excess potassium, ends wrap around blood vessels to form layer outside basement membrane to help make tight junctions

34
Q

What is the Nissl substance? What is it made of?

A

dark staining features in the cell body, rough endoplasmic reticulum

35
Q

What stains the Nissl substance?

A

Basophilic substances such as methylene blue and toluene blue

36
Q

What is the wear and tear protein and how does it stain in an H&E stain?

A

Lipofuscin; brown

Skin/MSk (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions