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Male/Female Ex 2 & 3 > Exam 3 - Contraception & Family Planning > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Contraception & Family Planning Flashcards

1
Q

What % of pregnancies in the US are unplanned?

A

50%

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2
Q

What % of unplanned pregnancies end in termination?

A

50%

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3
Q

What % of unintended pregnancies occur in women who do not use contraception?

A

40%

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4
Q

Use: when the method is used correctly and consistently as directed

A

“Perfect use”

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5
Q

Use: how effective the method is during actual use

A

“Typical use”

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6
Q

Most effective reversible methods of birth control

A

IUDs and contraceptive implants (

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7
Q

Coitus Interruptus & Postcoital Douche are what types BC methods

A

“Folk” (CI = pulling out)

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8
Q

A vaginal diaphragm is ineffective w/o the use of what?

A

spermicide

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9
Q

A vaginal diaphragm should be left in place how many hours after intercourse?

A

6-24 hours

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10
Q

T/F A woman who has had drastic weight changes while using a diaphragm may need to have it repositioned or re-fit?

A

TRUE… weight changes can certainly shift the position of the vaginal diaphragm

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11
Q

2 major side effects of vaginal diaphragm use

A

vaginal wall irritation

Increased risk of UTIs

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12
Q

A small, cuplike, diaphragm placed over the cervix; held in place by suction

A

Cervical cap

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13
Q

a cervical cap should be left in place for how many hours after intercourse?

A

8-48 hours

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14
Q

MC cause of cervical cap failure

A

Dislodgement

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15
Q

male condom failure rate

A

10-30%

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16
Q

Latex or Natural condoms help prevent against HIV and other STDs

A

Latex

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17
Q

typical use failure rate of female condom

A

21%

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18
Q

name of agent used for spermicides

A

Nonoxynol 9

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19
Q

typical use failure rate of spermicides

A

28%

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20
Q

do spermicides protect against STIs?

A

NO

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21
Q

term describing days of menstrual cycle where female is infertile

A

Periodic Abstinence

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22
Q

predicts ovulation by a mathematical formula based on the menstrual pattern recorded over a period of several months

A

Calendar Method (least accurate of all methods) - requires a regular cycle

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23
Q

Calendar Method is based on the knowledge that the LUTEAL phase is relatively constant at how many days

A

14 days

24
Q

Fertile interval should be assumed to extend from how many days before/after ovulation

A

2/2 days

25
Q

The Temperature Method (Basal Body Temp - BBT) is recorded when?

A

upon awakening in the AM - BEFORE any physical activity

26
Q

a slight drop in temperature occurs how long after ovulation

A

24-36 hours (1-1.5 days)

27
Q

BBT method: what day is considered to be the end of the fertile period

A

third day

28
Q

The Billings Method monitors what?

A

cervical mucus - becomes thing and watery several days before and just after ovulation

29
Q

no note of secretions spanning two-days to determine “pregnancy is not likely”

A

TwoDay Method

30
Q

Which method of ovulation tracking uses colored beads?

A

Standard Days Method

31
Q

in accordance with the Standard Days Method, avoid unprotected intercourse between which days

A

8-19

32
Q

Which method: exclusive breastfeeding = amenorrhea and anovulation

A

Lactational Amenorrhea

33
Q

When using lactation as a form of BC, what are the 2 requirements?

A

Mother most provide breastfeeding as ONLY form of infant nutrition
Amenorrhea must be maintained

34
Q

How effective is LAM

A

if mother is separated from baby by more than a few hours, she cannot expect a high level of contraceptive protection

35
Q

Copper T IUD… aka

A

“Paraguard”

36
Q

how long can the copper T IUD stay in the uterus?

A

~ 10 years

37
Q

Levonorgestrel IUD (LNG IUD)… aka

A

“Mirena” or “Skyla”

38
Q

LNG IUD releases a small amount of what?

A

progestin

39
Q

How long can LNG IUD stay in the uterus?

A

~ 5 years

40
Q

IUD is recommended for who?

A

mutually monogamous couples with low STI risks

41
Q

How does Copper T IUD (“paraguard”) work?

A

mechanism unknown

Thought to have spermicidal activity

42
Q

Copper T IUD (“Paraguard”) - risks

A

Ectopic pregnancies
spontaneous abortions
uterine perforation
expulsion

43
Q

LVG IUD (“Mirena”) - mechanism of action

A

Thickens cervical mucus to impede ascent of sperm

44
Q

LVG IUD (“Mirena”) - risks

A 
exact same as Copper T IUD
ectopic preg.
spontaneous abortions
uterine perforation
expulsion
45
Q

What % of women have a decreased menstrual flow after the first few months of LVG IUD use?

A

70%

46
Q

On an A/P pelvic view, an IUD contraceptive should be relatively what position?

A

relatively midline

47
Q

MC reason of failure of use of Oral Hormonal Contraceptive “the pill”

A

not taking it the same time each day

48
Q

combined oral contraceptive not recommended for women over what age who smoke, and have a hx of blood clots/breast CA

A

> 35 years

49
Q

aka the “mini pill”

A

progestin pill only - good option for women who can’t take extrogen

50
Q

Oral contraceptives lead to an INCREASED risk for which types of CA and tumors?

A

breast CA
cervical CA
liver tumors

51
Q

Oral contraceptives lead to a DECREASED risk of which 2 CAs?

A

ovarian

endometrial

52
Q

Hormonal Contraceptives: Disadvantages

A

Thromboembolic disease
Myocardial infarction
Stroke
Cervical CA

53
Q

Hormonal Contraceptives: Side Effects

A

intermenstrual bleeding
nausea
headaches and weight gain

54
Q

Can a Copper T IUD be used as “emergency contraception”?

A

Yes… w/in 5 days of unprotected sex

55
Q

Transcervical Sterilization… aka

A

“Essure” - thin tube inserted into fallopian tubes, causing them to scar, permanently blocking tubes - can take up to 3 months

56
Q

which type of vasectomy minimizes the risk of “post-vasectomy pain syndrome”?

A

Open-Ended Vasectomy - testicular end of the vas deferens is left open - abdominal end covered

Male/Female Ex 2 & 3 (8 decks)

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