Exam 5 soft tissue tumors

Question 1

T/F: Lipoma is benign

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T/F: Liposarcomas are malignant

Answer 2

true

Question 3

How to soft tissue tumors develop?

Answer 3

develop due to mutations in mesenchymal stem cells

Question 4

What are the most common mutations leading to soft tissue tumors?

Answer 4

translocations leading to a fusion gene which usually results in chimeric transcription protein

Question 5

what causes Kaposi’s Sarcoma?

Answer 5

Human Herpesvirus-8

Question 6

What is the histological grade of a soft tissue tumor based on?

Answer 6

tumor differentiation score, mitotic count, amount of tumor necrosis

Question 7

What is the largest risk factor of metastasis of a soft tissue tumor?

Answer 7

Size (20cm = 80% chance of metastasis)

Question 8

What are the most common types of soft tissue tumors in adults?

Answer 8

Lipomas

Question 9

Describe a conventional lipoma

Answer 9

most common type, mature fat only

Question 10

Describe an angiolipoma

Answer 10

mature fat with small vessel proliferation

Question 11

Describe spindle cell lipoma/pleomorphic lipoma

Answer 11

Mature fat plus spindle cells/pleomorphic cells

Question 12

Where do most soft tissue lipomas occur? What’s there treatment?

Answer 12

Usually superficial location and are well circumscribed and encapsulated; treat with surgical excision

Question 13

What age group do liposarcomas occur in?

Answer 13

middle to older age adults

Question 14

What are the morphological variants of lip sarcomas?

Answer 14

Well differentiated, Myxoid/round cell, Pleomorphic

Question 15

What are the two types of fibrous tumors and tumor-like lesions?

Answer 15

Nodular fasciitis, Myositis ossificans

Question 16

What can palmar fibrzomatosis lead to?

Answer 16

Dupuytren’s contracture

Question 17

What are the most common mutations in deep-seated fibrzomatosis?

Answer 17

somatic beta-catenin or adenomatous polyposis coli (APC gene)

Question 18

What is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of childhood/adolescence?

Answer 18

Rhabdomyosarcoma (skeletal muscle differentiation)

Question 19

What factors influence the prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma?

Answer 19

size, patient age, location

Question 20

Where do tumors of smooth muscle occur?

Answer 20

Most commonly on uterus; typically benign

Question 21

What is the most common neurofibromatosis linked with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors?

Answer 21

NF-1

Question 22

Where do synovial sarcomas typically occur?

Answer 22

para-articular regions of the extremities in adolescents and young adults