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Skin/MSk > Exam 6 Arachidonic acid metabolites and NSAIDs > Flashcards

Exam 6 Arachidonic acid metabolites and NSAIDs Flashcards

1
Q

What does activation of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxanes lead to?

A

Platelets, vasoconstriction, clotting

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2
Q

What does activationg of PGE2 lead to?

A

Pain, fever, vasodilation, uterine contraction

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)?

A

covalently binds to COX1 enzymes and irreversibly inhibits them

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of action of celecoxib?

A

Selective COX2 inhibitor

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5
Q

What is the advantage of celecoxib over aspirin?

A

decreases the risk of gastric ulceration

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6
Q

What is the disadvantage of celecoxib?

A

inhibits COX2 of endothelium in coronary and cerebral circulations (COX2 also decreases vasodilation)

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7
Q

Why have COX-2 inhibitors been withdrawn from the market?

A

They increase the risk of cardiovascular thrombosis

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action of acetaminophen?

A

Blocks COX enzymes in the central nervous but not in the periphery

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9
Q

T/F: acetaminophen is antiinflammatory?

A

False

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10
Q

What does acetaminophen decrease?

A

fever and pain (good arthritis treatment)

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11
Q

What can an overdose of acetaminophen cause?

A

Hepatotoxicity

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12
Q

How does apirin affect platelets?

A

inhibits platelet’s ability to produce thromboxane A2 for the duration of the platelet’s life

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13
Q

What is low dose aspirin used for?

A

decreases thrombosis

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14
Q

What do prostaglandins do?

A

mediate many inflammatory effects of rheumatoid arthritis

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15
Q

What are drugs that block cyclooxygenase?

A

Ibuprofen, naproxen, celebrex

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16
Q

What is the action of glucocorticoids

A

transcriptional regulators that reduce numbers of lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils, but increase number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, also synthesize proteins inhibiting Phospholipase A2

17
Q

How do glucocorticoids act on white blood cells?

A

reduce the release of arachidonic acid and cytokines (IL1 and 6, TNF)

18
Q

What are examples of corticosteroids?

A

dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisone, prednisone

19
Q

What are the toxic side effects of corticosteroids?

A

Osteoporosis, immune suppression, peptic ulcers, myopathy, cataracts, fluid accumulation and hyperglycemia

20
Q

Are corticosteroids considered DMARDs for rheumatoid arthritis?

A

No

21
Q

What do fish oils get turned into in the body?

A

PGE3, Thromboxane A3, PGI3

22
Q

What is fish oil promoted as a treatment for?

A

rheumatoid arthritis

23
Q

What does prostaglandin E2 cause?

A

edema, pain, redness, warmth

24
Q

What is the target in reducing inflammatory symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?

A

inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis

Skin/MSk (31 decks)

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