Fascia, Veins, Lymphatics, and Cutaneous Nerves of Lower Limb Flashcards Preview

Anatomy - BB Exam 2 > Fascia, Veins, Lymphatics, and Cutaneous Nerves of Lower Limb > Flashcards

Flashcards in Fascia, Veins, Lymphatics, and Cutaneous Nerves of Lower Limb Deck (12)
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1
Q

compartment syndrome

A

increased pressure in a confined anatomical space that adversely affects the circulation and threatens the function and viability of tissue w/i or distally - treated w/ fasciotomy

2
Q

fasciotomy

A

incision of overlying fascia or a septum

3
Q

where are varicose veins common in the lower limb?

A

posteromedial parts

4
Q

deep venous thrombosis (DVT)

A

swelling, warmth, erythema - can be caused by venous stasis

5
Q

venous stasis

A

stagnation caused by:

  • incompetent, loose fascia that doesn’t resist muscle expansion -> less effective musculovenous pump
  • external pressure on veins from bedding in long hospital stay or from tight cast/bandage
  • muscular inactivity
6
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

DVT with inflammation around the involved veins

7
Q

what vein in the leg is used for coronary bypass and why?

A

great saphenous vein b/c:

  • readily accessible
  • sufficient length b/w tributaries to harvest
  • walls have more muscular, elastic fibers than other superficial veins
8
Q

saphenous vein grafts

A
  • used to bypass obstructions in blood vessels

- inverted so that the valves don’t obstruct blood flow

9
Q

saphenous cutdown

A

skin incision anterior to the medial malleolus - to insert a cannula for prolonged administration of blood, plasma expanders, electrolytes, or drugs

10
Q

what can cause moderate enlargement of the inguinal lymph nodes?

A

abrasions and minor sepsis

11
Q

where can you inject nerve block for the femoral nerve?

A

L2-4 -> 2 cm inferior to the inguinal ligament, about a finger’s breadth lateral to the femoral artery

12
Q

how can you test abnormalities of sensory function?

A

use a sharp object and ask the patient if pain is felt -> if no pain felt, spinal cord segments can be determined