Features of coastal erosion/deposition

Question 0

Headland + Bay (erosion)

Answer 0

-A feature of coastal erosion are headlands and bays.

-A bay is a wide, curved opening into the coast.
An example of a bay is Dublin bay.
-A headland is a neck of high land that huts out into the sea.
An example of a headland is the Mizen Head.

• The soft rock (eg shale) is eroded quickly and a bay is formed.
• The hard rock (eg sandstone) is eroded much slower and stands out as a headland.

Question 1

cliff (erosion)

Answer 1

• A feature of coastal erosion is a cliff.
• An example of cliffs are the cliffs of Moher.
• Waves crash against the coast which is made of hard rock and soft rock.
• The soft rock is eroded faster than the hard rock by hydraulic action (force of the waves) and abrasion (rocks scratching the surface)
• A notch is cut out in the soft rock.
• This notch gets bigger to form an overhang.
• Over time the overhang becomes unstable and collapses.
• Some of the large rocks are dragged out to sea scratching the bed making a wave cut platform.
• The process repeats itself

Question 2

Sea cave (erosion)

Answer 2

A tunnel found in a cliff formed by hydraulic action, abrasion, etc.

Question 3

Sea arch (erosion)

Answer 3

Formed when the sea cave cuts through the other side.

Question 4

Sea stack (erosion)

Answer 4

Formed when sea arch collapses.

Question 5

Sea stump (erosion)

Answer 5

Formed when sea stack is eroded.

Question 6

Blowhole (erosion)

Answer 6

Passage that links the roof of a cave with the surface of the cliff top.

Question 7

Longshore drift (deposition)

Answer 7

Longshore drift is angular/zig zag movement of material along the shore.
The direction that the material moves is affected by the prevailing winds.

Question 8

Sand spit (deposition)

Answer 8

• A ridge of sand or shingle that is connected to the land at the end and extends into a bay or estuary. eg sutton in dublin
• It is formed when large amounts of material are moved along the coast by longshore drift.
• As it loses energy it deposits material on the sea bed.
• The deposits buiod up to rise above the level of the water.f

Question 9

Tombolo (deposition)

Answer 9

A ridge of sand and shingle (sand spit) that extends from the land (coast) to an island. eg. Howth in Co. Dublin,

Question 10

Lagoon (deposition)

Answer 10

Formed when a sand spit (sand bar) extends from one headland across a bay to another headland and blocks a body of water.

Question 11

Beaches

Answer 11

• A beach consists of sand a shingle.
• Fine material is found at the lower part of the beach.
• Coarse material is deposited at the upper beach.
• In stormy weather the swash is strong enough ti hurl large stones and rocks up past the normal high tide mark where they remain to form a storm beach.
• Finer material is found at the lower part of the beach each due to erosion (eg attrition)

-Sandy beaches can be seen at curracloe in co. wesford,
storm beaches can be seen at garretstown co. cork