Female Anatomy Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Female Anatomy Deck (19)
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1
Q

What is the ‘normal’ position of uterus?

A

80% anteverted

2
Q

Describe the fallopian tube

A

Fallopian tube is 10cm long: isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum with fimbriae
Ampulla is where fertilisation takes place.

3
Q

How are ovaries attached to the broad ligament?

A

Attached to the posterior surface of the broad ligament by the mesovarium

4
Q

What lies very close to the ovaries?

A

Ovaries are found at the division of the common iliac artery and the ureters run immediately beneath.

5
Q

Where is the ovarian ligament?

A

Fibrous ligament that connects the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus

6
Q

Where is the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

A

A fold of peritoneum that extends out from the ovary to the wall of the pelvis.
Contains ovarian artery and vein

7
Q

Where is the round ligament of the uterus?

A

Originates at the uterine horns, in the parametrium. The round ligament enters the pelvis via the deep inguinal ring, passes through the inguinal canal and continues on to the labia majora where its fibres spread and mix with the tissue of the mons pubis.

8
Q

Define levator ani

A

The levator ani is a broad, thin muscle, situated on either side of the pelvis. It is formed from three muscle components: the puborectalis, the pubococcygeus muscle (which includes the puborectalis) and the iliococcygeus muscle.
In females the inner most muscle is the sphincter vagina

9
Q

Name imporatant pelvic muscles that aren’t the levator ani

A

Obturator internus
Piriformis
Coccygeus

10
Q

Name the structures that support the upper uterus

A

Round ligament

Broad ligament anteverted

11
Q

Name the structures that support the middle uterus

A

Transverse ligament
Pubocervical
Uterosacral

12
Q

Name the structures that support the lower uterus

A

Levator ani
Coccygeus
Perineal body

13
Q

What leads to uterovaginal prolapse?

A

Defects and weakening due to fascial tearing and denervation after surgery and partuition
Leads to prolapse and urinary incontinence

14
Q

Describe route of ureters

A

Ureters are retroperitoneal structures, entering the pelvis in base of ovarian fossa. They run above the levator ani in the base of the broad ligament and insert into the bladder posterolaterally. ->can be injured in hysterectomy.

15
Q

Name the 3 layers of the bladder

A

Serous peritoneum, detrusor muscle and transitional epithelium

16
Q

Blood supply of bladder?

A

Internal iliac artery branches

17
Q

Blood supply of rectum?

A

Rectum is supplied by:
inferior mesenteric artery-> superior rectal a.
Internal iliac ->middle rectal a.
Pudendal->inferior rectal a.

18
Q

Blood supply of vagina?

A

Internal pudendal artery

Vaginal branch of uterine artery (from internal iliac)

19
Q

Blood supply of ovaries?

A

Ovarian artery from abdominal aorta

Found within suspensory ligament of ovary