G.A. Osteology Flashcards

1
Q

Endochondral ossification

A

cartilage is replaced by bone

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2
Q

intramembranous ossification

A

membranous bone

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3
Q

compact bone

A

aka lamellae

forms haversion canals

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4
Q

haversion canals?

A

aka central canals - core of osteon

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5
Q

lacunae are between?

A

lamellae

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6
Q

osteocytes are?

A

mature cells in lacunae

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7
Q

canaliculli allow?

A

osteocytes to communicate with each other in the lacunae

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8
Q

cancellous bone aka?

A

spongy bone

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9
Q

hydroxyapatite is?

A

major inorganic component of bone

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10
Q

what do osteoblasts do?

A

make bone- build bone

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11
Q

what do osteoclasts do?

A

breakdown/ reabsorbs bone

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12
Q

where do you feel pain in your bone?

A

perisoteum

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13
Q

Appendicular skeleton has how many bones?

A
126- greatest ROM, unfused
Pectoral girdle (clavicle, scapula), arm, forearm, hands, pelvis, thigh, leg, feet, ankles
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14
Q

Axial skeleton has how many bones?

A

80- sacrum & coccyx fuse

skull, spine, ossicles of middle ear, hyoid, ribs & sternum

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15
Q

total bones in body?

A

206

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16
Q

If you fracture the surgical neck of humerus what could you damage?

A

Axillary nerve

17
Q

if you fracture the shaft of humerus you could damage?

A

Radial Nerve

18
Q

Scapula process?

A

spine
acromion
coracoid
scapular notch

19
Q

clavicle process?

A

conoid

1st bone to ossify

20
Q

Humerus info.?

A
greater/lesser tubercles
deltoid tuberosity
intertubercular groove- bicipital tendon location
med/lat epicondyles
capitulum- art with radius
trochlea- art with ulna
olecranon fossa
21
Q

Radius info.?

A
Fovea
radila tuberosity
ulnar notch
styloid process (at wrist)
listers tubercles- locator for lunate
22
Q

Ulna info.?

A
olecranon process
semilunar notch (trochlear notch)
coronoid
radial notch 
head of ulna (at wrist)
styloid process
23
Q

wrist carpals

A

proximial row-(thumb side) scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform (pinky side)
Distal row-(thumb side) trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate (under pinky)

24
Q

snuffbox borders? what nerve goes through it?

A

ext. poll. longus, ext. poll. brevis, abductor poll. longus, floor is scaphoid.
radial nerve goes through it- check radial pulse here

25
Q

Heberdens nodes are found where?

A

DIP joints- associated with OA, psoriatic arthritis

26
Q

Buchards nodes are found where?

A

PIP joints- associated with OA, RA, psoriatic arthritis

27
Q

Haygarts nodes are found where?

A

MCP joints- associated with RA

28
Q

Ilium Info.?

A

iliopectineal line (arcuate line)- sciatic nerve
greater sciatic notch
post. gluteal line

29
Q

ischium info?

Pubis info?

A

lesser sciatic notch- pudendal nerve
ischial tuberosity- bears weight of body when seated
Pubis: obturator foramen

30
Q

Femur info?

A
acetabulum
greater trochanter- lateral
lesser trochanter- medial
intertriochanteric line & crest
linea aspera- posterior
adductor tubercle
31
Q

how is the acetabulum made up?

A

ischium, ilium, pubis meet up to form it

32
Q

fibula info?

A

head- common peroneal nerve

lateral malleolus

33
Q

foot bones (tarsals)?

A
7 tarsals
1,2,3 cuneiforms
cuboid
navicular
talus
calcaneus