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Flashcards in Gait 2 Deck (16)
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1
Q

The “springs” include __________ tissue in muscles (including microscopic proteins), connective tissue, tendons, ligaments and bone.

A

ELASTIC

2
Q

What are the 3 phases of the Stretch Shortening Cycle (SSC)?

A
  1. ECCENTRIC PHASE
  2. AMORTIZATION or TRANSITION PHASE
    (affects amount of recoil, stored energy must be used immediately, or it will be lost as heat)
  3. RECOIL PHASE
3
Q

The SSC is the basis for many normal human activities, and utilizes the _________ reflex, _________ recoil, and _____________. As a result, much of energy for walking is “free” because it does not require the use of oxygen, and active contraction of mm.

A
STRETCH
\+
ELASTIC
\+
VISCOELASTICITY
4
Q

Sports with strong SSC movements (plyometrics, ballistic stretch) have a higher incidence of _________ injuries.

A

TENDON

5
Q

__________ stretching can increase the compliance of tendons, and treat injury.

A

BALLISTIC

6
Q

Name the most important energy storing tendon in the body?

A

ACHILLES TENDON

7
Q

Describe midstance, or the loading response? (2)

A

PRONATION
+
FOOT SPREAD FOR SHOCK ABSORPTION

8
Q

Describe the propulsive phase? (2)

aka Terminal Stance, Heel Rise, Push Off

A

SUPINATED
+
TIGHTENING JOINTS FOR LEVER TO PROPEL

9
Q

Where does the ligamentum nuchae attach?

A

sup: POST TUBERCLE OF ATLAS
inf: SPINOUS PROCESSES of CERVICAL VERTEBRAE

10
Q

Which muscles attach to the nuchal ligament? (2)

A

TRAPEZIUS
+
SPLENIUS CAPITIS

11
Q

___________ ________ and the adjacent ___________ form the posterior wall of the vertebral canal.

A

LIGAMENTUM FLAVA (means yellow ligament)
+
LAMINAE

12
Q

The ___________ has an extremely thin outer layer of cortical bone, is nearly hollow, and is protected by the U-shaped heel cushion aka fat pad, heel pad.

A

CALCANEUS

13
Q

The __________ test is very accurate for diagnosing calcaneal stress fractures.

A

SQUEEZE

14
Q

Name the muscles build for elastic recoil?

A

PENNATE MUSCLES

15
Q

The lumbricals and EDL are examples of ___________ muscles.

A

UNIPENNATE

16
Q

___________ muscles have 2 rows of mm fibres, with a central tendon.

A

BIPENNATE