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Flashcards in Gene regulation 1 Deck (16)
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1
Q

Trans-acting proteins bind to what part of the DNA?

A

Major groove

2
Q

Most common motif for DNA regulatory proteins

A

Helix-turn-helix

3
Q

Subclass of helix-turn-helix proteins important in animal development

A

Homeodomain

4
Q

Why are heterodimers so beneficial?

A

They allow for increased number of possible regulatory complexes

5
Q

Acetylation of gene sequences promotes the formation of euchromatin/heterochromotin

A

Euchromatin

6
Q

Methylation occurs at which nucleotide?

A

Cytosine

7
Q

DNA methylation promotes what?

A

Chromatin condensation/heterochromatin formation

8
Q

What is an “enhanceosome”?

A

A complex of DNA modulation factors that need to be assembled in a certain order in order to initiate transcription of a particular gene

9
Q

T/F Methylation of DNA can be carried over into germ cells and ultimately inherited by prodginy

A

T

10
Q

How do glucacorticoids promote the expression of several genes at different loci simultaeously?

A

Glucacorticoids bind glucacorticoid receptors to form complexes that then act as enhancer proteins to begin transcription at the various loci

11
Q

What type of nucleic acid is responsible for signaling one X chromosome in females to be inactivated?

A

Long, noncoding RNA

12
Q

Imprinting:
Jim went bald on his 12th birthday. Throughout much of his life he was resigned to wearing wigs. When Jim had his daughter, Jill, he was thrilled when she kept her full head of hair throughout childhood. However Jill became a geneticist and found that Jim’s condition (12th birthday hair loss syndrome) is a paternally imprinted gene. Tomorrow is Jill’s son’s 12th birthday, does she have to worry about him losing his hair?

A

He has a 50% chance

13
Q

Hypermethylation of this gene may contribute to the formation of some cancers

A

Tumor repressor genes

14
Q

T/F MOST human genes have splice variants

A

T

15
Q

Antisense mRNA

A

Complementary to mRNA (transcribed from antiparallel strand), play role in gene regulation

16
Q

Fragile X disease, describe

A

X-linked disorder. Hypermethylation of FMR1 nuclear transporter gene. Causes mental retardation.