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Tissues of the body > Glands > Flashcards

Flashcards in Glands Deck (19)
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0
Q

What is an exocrine gland?

A

-A gland which secretes to the outside of the body via ducts

1
Q

Define glandular tissue

A

-Type of epithelia cell (an aggregation of cells) which are specialised for secretion

2
Q

What is an endocrine gland?

A

A ductless gland which secretes into the bloodstream

3
Q

What type of glandular structures are there?

A
  • Unicellular/multicellular
  • Simple/compound
  • Acinar/tubular
  • Coiled/branched
4
Q

Where do unicellular gland secrete onto?

A

Epithelial cells

5
Q

What is endocytosis?

A
  • Cell makes contact with extracellular material

- Cell surrounds material

6
Q

What is transepithelial transport?

A
  • 1)Endocytosis at one membrane
    2) Transport vesicle
    3) secretion/exocytosis at opposite membrane
7
Q

Describe the secretions of serous glands

A
  • Watery and free of mucus
  • Often contain enzymes
  • Stain eosinophilic with H+E
8
Q

Which epithelia cells continually regenerate?

A
  • Respiratory
  • Digestive
  • Urinary
  • Skin
9
Q

Describe merocrine secretion

A
  • Membrane bound vesicle approaches cell surface
  • Fuses with plasma membrane
  • Contents released into extracellular space
  • PM transiently larger
  • Membrane retrieved
10
Q

Describe apocrine secretions

A
  • Non-membrane bound structures approach pm
  • contacts apical membrane and pushes up
  • membrane surrounds droplet and pinches off
  • membrane added to regain size
11
Q

Describe holocrine secretion

A

-The cell disintegrates and releases the whole cell contents

12
Q

What are the three salivary glands and what are their secretion types?

A
  • Parotid ->serous
  • Sublingual ->mucus
  • Submandibular ->both (mucus pushes serous to edge of cell forming a cresent)
13
Q

What is an adenocarcinoma?

A

-Malignant neoplasm from glandular epithelial cells

14
Q

Why is glycosylation of proteins important and where does it occur?

A
  • Adds biochemical specificity to the protein

- Occurs in the golgi

15
Q

How do proteins migrate through the cisternae of the golgi?

A
  • Swelling at the ends of the cisternae
  • Buds off into vesicles
  • Join the next membrane disc
16
Q

What is the fate of the vesicles produced from the golgi?

A
  • Enter regulatory secretory pathway
  • Enter constitutive pathway
  • Remain in the cell as lysosomes
  • Enter the glycocalyx of the pm
17
Q

What does the glycocalyx of the pm do?

A
  • Adds biological specificity
  • Adherence of cell
  • Communication
  • Protection - lubrication
  • Division
18
Q

What is the purpose of secretion and how is secretion controlled?

A
  • Communication
  • Regulation of pathways
  • Lubrication
  • Protection
  • Nervous and endocrine hormonal control