Gross Anatomy and Embryology Review - Respiratory System Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Gross Anatomy and Embryology Review - Respiratory System Deck (29)
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1
Q

Blood supply to nasal cavity

A

Internal and ext carotid

2
Q

Nasal cavity innervation

A

From both V1 and V2 and olfactory

3
Q

Drainage of frontal sinus
Ethmoid air cels
Max sinus
Sphenoid sinus

A

Frontonasal to hiatus in middle mmeatus

Anterior to hiatus in middle meatus
Middle to bulla in middle meatus
Post to superior meatus

Hiatus semi in middle meatus

Spehnoethmodial recess

4
Q

Larynx innervation sensory and motor

A

Above - internal laryngeal nerve from superior

Below - recurrent laryngeal nerve

Recurrent for all intrinsic of larynx except cricothyoid innervated by eternal laryngeal nerve

5
Q

Rima glottidis and gltotis

A

Opening

Rima and true folds together

6
Q

Where does intercostal VAN run?

A

Below the bottom edge of rims

7
Q

Pleura

A

Serous sac surrounding each lung

2 layers with pleural cavity between visceral and pareital

8
Q

Regions of parietal pleura

A

Cervical, costal, diaphragmatic and mediastinal

In contact with endothoracic fascia

Innervated by intercsotala and phrenic nerves and sensitive to localized pai n

9
Q

Visceral pleura

A

In contact with sruface fo the lungs and not sensitiv to well localized pain

10
Q

Suprapleural membrane

A

Thickening of endothoracic fascia over cervical pleura

11
Q

Right lung structure

Left

A

3 lobes with horizontal and oblqiue

LEft has lingula and cardiac notch in superior lobe

12
Q

Arteries and veins of BP segs

A

Arteries are intra and veins are inter

13
Q

Sternal angle and beginning of trachea

A

C6 and T4

14
Q

Right vs left primary bronchis

A

Right wider and more vertical

15
Q

Right lung suprerior middle and infer

A

Apical, post, anterior

lateral and medial

SUp, med/ant/lat/post basal

16
Q

Left lung sup, lingular and inf

A

Apicoposterior, anteiror

Sup and inf lingular

Superior, med/ant/lat/post basal

17
Q

Pulmonary lpexuses and affarent innervation

A

Postganglionic sympathetic (cell bods in chain), pregang para from vagus, and visceral affarent

Reflexve and nociceptive affarent fibers

18
Q

Symp and para innervation

A

Sym - brocnhodilation, inhibitory to alveolar glands and vasoconstriction of pulmonary vessels

19
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Bronchial arteries from thoraicc aorta or upper posterior intercostal arteries

Veins into azygous system of superior intercostal

20
Q

Horizontal fissure and apex locations

Oblique

A

Along 4th rib

Apex of lung above clavicle

Spinous of T2/T3 and run around 6th rib

Cardiac notch is along 4-6 on left of sternum

21
Q

Lower resp development

A

Outpocketing from cranial foregut

22
Q

Laryngotracheal diverticulum

A

From foregut, lined by endoderm to form glands and epithelium of lower tract

Other tissue and muscle parts from mesoderm

23
Q

TE folds

A

Separate the resp and pharynx

24
Q

TE septum divides

A

Ventral laryngotracheal tube and esophagus

Connected by laryngeal inlet

25
Q

TE fistula

A

Incomplete closure of TE folds

Esophageal atreaia and polyhydramnios

Look for cyanosis and can lead to penumonitis

26
Q

Bronchi and lung development

A

Diverticulum divides into 2 bronchial buds

Visceral pleura from splanchnic mesoderm and parietal from somatic

27
Q

Right and left primary bronchus

A

Right into 3 secondayr and left into 2

28
Q

Lung maturation

A

Newborn are denser because fewer number of mature alveoli

Fetal breathing movements cause aspiration of amniotic fluid

29
Q

RDS

A

From def of surfactant

Admin CSs and replacement surfactant