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Flashcards in GUM Deck (16)
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1
Q

If someone needs a HIV result immediately what testing can be done?

A

Point of care testing with saliva or finger prick

2
Q

If a high risk HIV 4th gen test is negative at 4 weeks what should happen next?

A

Repeat at 3 months

3
Q

When does HIV seroconversion occur? How does it present? Frequency?

A

2-4 weeks post exposure
Fever Maculopapular rash Myalgia Pharyngitis Headache
80%

4
Q

What is the timeframe for PEP administration post HIV exposure?

A

72 hrs max but preferably sooner

5
Q

How long should PEP be continued for post HIV exposure? What classes of drugs are included currently?

A

28 days
2 x nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
1 x integrase inhibitor

6
Q

Roughly what risk of transmission should prompt PEP in HIV exposure?

A

> 1:1000

7
Q

Why are NNRTIs not used in PEP?

A

10% develop hepatoxicity
Risks of CNS side effects
Risk of stevens jonhson syndrome

8
Q

Under what CD4 count should live vaccines not be used in HIV.

A
9
Q

What signs may persist in HIV post primary infection indicating a worse prognsis?

A

Persistent Generalised Lymphadenopathy.

Fever

10
Q

Non infectious complications of HIV

A
Anorexia and weight loss / malnutrition 
Karposi's sarcoma 
Lymphoma 
Psychological 
HIV Associated Neurological Disorder
11
Q

Common GI/GU infections in HIV

A

Candidasis
Hepititis
Diarrheoal illness (salmonella, shigella, campylobacter, c-diff)
HSV

12
Q

Common neurological infections in HIV

A

CMV retinitis
Toxoplasma gondii
Cryptococcal meningitis

13
Q

Common pulmonary infections in HIV

A

Pneumocystis jirovicci
TB
Pneumococcus

14
Q

Routine monitoring of HIV?

A

CD4 + viral load, FBC every 3 to 6 months

Serum U+E, LFTs, lipids every 6-12 months

15
Q

Initial tests in a HIV patient

A

Disease - FBC, CD4, viral load, viral resistance profile
Infections - CMV, toxoplasmosis, HepB/C, fundoscopy, CXR
Treatment - U+E, LFT, lipids, glucose
Cancer - cervical smear

16
Q

First line blood test for HIV diagnosis? What time period? What should be done if positive?

A

HIV antibody and p24
Detects after about 4 weeks
Repeat from separate sample to confirm