Head And Neck - Dry Room (Week 3) Flashcards Preview

Anatomy - Year Two > Head And Neck - Dry Room (Week 3) > Flashcards

Flashcards in Head And Neck - Dry Room (Week 3) Deck (31)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What four bones articulate to form the pterion?

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid

2
Q

What structures pass through the foramina of the cribriform plate?

A

Olfactory (I)

3
Q

What structures pass through the optic foramen?

A

Optic nerve (II)

4
Q

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, V1 and VI along with ophthalmic veins

5
Q

What structures pass through the foramen rotundum?

A

CN V2 (remember round max)

6
Q

What structures pass through the foramen ovale?

A

CN V3

7
Q

What structures pass through the foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal artery and vein (+ meningeal branch of mandibular nerve)

8
Q

What structures pass through the foramen lacerum?

A

Nerve of pterygoid canal

Some emissary veins, ascending pharyngeal artery

9
Q

What structures pass through the carotid canal?

A

ICA and carotid plexus

10
Q

What structures pass through the internal acoustic foramen?

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII), facial nerve (VII) and labyrinthine artery

11
Q

What structures pass through the jugular foramen?

A

Glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves (IX, X, XI ) and internal jugular vein

12
Q

What structures pass through the hypoglossal foramen?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

13
Q

What structures pass through the foramen magnum?

A

Brainstem, vertebral arteries, spinal roots of accessory nerve

14
Q

Starting from the internal occipital protuberance, trace the course of grooves on the internal surface of the skull

A

Running laterally from the internal occipital protuberance is the groove of the transverse sinus, then it continues as an S-shaped groove of the sigmoid sinus before it drains through the jugular foramen as the internal jugular vein

15
Q

What depression in the floor of the sphenoid bone houses the pituitary gland?

A

Sella turnica

16
Q

What processes line the anterior and posterior of the sella turnica?

A

Anterior and posterior clinoid processes

17
Q

What is the function of the anterior and posterior clinoid processes?

A

Serve as attachments for the dura mater called tentorium cerebelli

18
Q

What structure occurs on the lateral aspects of each sella turnica?

A

Grooves for the cavernous sinuses

19
Q

What foramen lies immediately anterior to the groove of the cavernous sinus?

A

Superior orbital fissure

20
Q

What muscles attaches to the medial pterygoid plate?

A

Constrictor pharyngis superior

21
Q

What is the advantages of the fontanelles of a childs skull during childbirth and infancy?

A

Childbirth - allows for manipulation of skull to accommodate childbirth

Infancy - allows for rapid growth and reduced chance of fracture when knocked (e.g. after a fall)

22
Q

What type of ossification occurs for the flat and irregular bones of the skull?

A

Flat - intramembraneous

Irregular - endochondral

23
Q

At what age does the anterior fontanelle typically close?

A

18-24 months

24
Q

At what age does the posterior fontanelle typically close?

A

2-3 months

25
Q

What histological tissue lines the dorsal surface of the tongue?

A

Stratified, keratinised squamous epithelium

26
Q

What type of muscle underlies the epithelium of the tongue?

A

Skeletal muscle

27
Q

What do serous acini of salivary glands predominantly secrete? What effect does this have on H&E staining?

A

Proteins; darker stain

28
Q

What do mucous acini of salivary glands predominantly secrete? What effect does this have on H&E staining?

A

Glycoproteins; light staining

29
Q

What colour would you expect to see in a H&E stain of a sample of parotid gland? Why?

A

Dark; mainly serous acini

30
Q

What colour would you expect to see in a H&E stain of a sample of submandibular gland? Why?

A

Mixed, light and dark; both serious and mucous secretion

31
Q

What colour would you expect to see in a H&E stain of a sample of sublingual gland? Why?

A

Light; mainly mucous acini