What does the pelvic girdle involve?
hip bones, sacrum and coccyx
What is an atypical synovial joint?
sacroiliac joint
What do the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligament do?
prevents backward tilting of lower sacrum
convert sciatic notches into greater and lesser sciatic foramen
What ligaments stabilise the hip joint?
iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments
Where is the ischiofemoral ligament?
located posteriorly, spirals between the ischium and greater trochanter
When is the hip most vulnerable to dislocation?
during flexion
If the head of the femur is fractured what might occur?
damaged blood supply -> avascular necrosis
What is more likely to occur in obese adolescent males?
slipped femoral capital epiphysis
What does osteoarthritis include?
degenerative changes affecting hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone
loss of joint space, subchondral sclerosis, subchondral cysts, intra articular loose bodies, articular deformity
What are the other gluteus muscles? What is their role?
gluteus medius (lateral and larger), gluteus minimus. Abduction.
Why is abduction of the hip important?
to stabilise the hip in walking when the opposite leg is off the ground
What muscles are deep to the glutei?
the lateral rotator muscles-
quadratus femoris, obturator internus, sacrotuberous ligament, piriformis and the inferior and superior gemelli
What is found in the femoral triangle?
femoral nerve, femoral vein and artery, superficial inguinal lymph nodes, femoral sheath