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Rad 390 > Hodgkin's Disease > Flashcards

Hodgkin's Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is Hodgkin’s disease?

A

A malignancy of unknown etiology usually arising in the lymph nodes

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2
Q

is hodgkin’s disease curable

A

very curable

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3
Q

What cell is associated with HD

A

Reed- Sternberg cell

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4
Q

When was HD discovered?

A

1832 Thomas Hodgkin

-discovered in dead people

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5
Q

Who is the disease most prevalent in?

A

common in young people

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6
Q

Incidence rates:

biomodal age distribution

A

first peak 15-34

second @ 50

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7
Q

Incidence rate:

2002

A

7000 new cases, 3700 male, 3300 female

1400 deaths, 800 male, 600 female

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8
Q

incidence rate:

2007

A

8190 new, 4470 male, 3720 female

1070 deaths, 770 male, 300 female

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9
Q

incidence rate:

2017

A

8260 new, 4650 male, 3610

1070 deaths, 630 male, 440 female

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10
Q

9x increase in ____ sex sibs

A

same

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11
Q

5x increase in ____ sex sibs

A

opposite

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12
Q

3x increase with _____ degree relation

A

first

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13
Q

subcategories of Hodgkin’s Disease

A 
Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL)
LRHL
MCHL
NSHL
LDHL
Nodular Lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma
NLPHL
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14
Q

LRHL

A
  • early stages
  • 5% of all hodgkins cases
  • stage 1/ stage 2
  • Infrequent systemic sym (10%)
  • more common in males
  • upper body
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15
Q

MCHL

A
  • mix of all types
  • -lymphocytes, epithelial histocytes, neutrofills, plasma (inflammatory)
  • more common in older folks (38)
  • Associated with HIV
  • in males
  • abdomen and spleen
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16
Q

NSHL

A
  • 75% of all hodgkin’s cases
  • 20’s and 30’s, 50-55
  • equal distribution b/w males and females
  • neck or chest
  • *** MOST COMMON
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17
Q

NLPHL

A
  • 5% of Hodgkin’s cases
  • asymptomatic young men
  • cervical, axillary & inguinal LN
  • 30-55 years
  • early stages
    • longer survival times
  • variant of reed-stern cell. Referred to as popcorn cell because of look
18
Q

CHL

A
  • 95% diagnosed
  • main characteristic is the reed- stern cell
  • B symptomatic: fever, night sweats, weight loss
19
Q

LDHL

A
  • rarest of the 4
  • common in men
  • 30’s- those with HIV
  • worst prognosis
  • -advanced disease (b symptoms)
  • abdomen adenopathy
  • spleen, liver, bone marrow
20
Q

What staging system does Hodgkin’s use?

A

Ann Arbor and costwold

* higher stage=bad prognosis

21
Q

Signs and symptoms

A
  • cervical, supraclavicular, mediastinal LN, splenomegaly
  • B symptoms (40%)
  • elevated sedimentation rate and elevated alkaline phosphatase
22
Q

paritis

A

severe itching

23
Q

malaise

A

just don’t feel good

24
Q

erythmatis rash

A

reddening of skin

25
Q

most common above diaphragm

A

80%

26
Q

how much below diaphragm?

A

about 10%

27
Q

elevated sedementation rate

A

how fast blood count falls to bottom of test tube

28
Q

How do they diagnose Hodgkin’s disease

A 
history and physical
X-rays (CT and PET)
labs
biopsy of lung LN (enlarged)
Stages (1B, 2B, 3, 4)
29
Q

Clinical features of Hodgkins Disease

A 
painless lymphadenopathy
fever
night sweats
weight loss
pruitus
alcohol-induced pain
30
Q

Non- Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

A

generalized painless lymphadenopathy
vague abdominal discomfort
back pain
gastrointestinal complaints

31
Q

Treatment

A

radiation
chemo
combo

-depending on how old

32
Q

during treatment, what is the therapists job?

A

provide education and support for pt

33
Q

treatment symptoms

A 
hypothyroidism
reduction in bone marrow
percarditis
pnuemonitis
myelopathy
transient aspermia
secondary cancers
34
Q

___% of early stage disease curable

A

90

35
Q

___% of advanced stage curable

A

80

36
Q

what is the mantle

A

lymph above diaphragm

37
Q

What is the invertedY

A

below the diaphragm

38
Q

how often is MOPP used

A

not much anymore

39
Q

BEACOPP

  • bleomycin
  • adriomycin
  • cyclophosphomide
  • oncovin
  • procarbisine
  • prednisine
A

developed by german Hodgkin’s study group
toxic, but benefit outweighs risk
used for younger people

40
Q

about ____-_____ of patients develop breast cancer 15 years post radiation

A

20-50

Rad 390 (8 decks)

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