HPHD LGBT Health and Sexual Diversity Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in HPHD LGBT Health and Sexual Diversity Deck (12)
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1
Q

What is sexual orientation?

A

Used to describe what gender you are attracted to - includes feelings, behaviour and identity however the 3 may not coincide

2
Q

Define:
Gender identity
Gender expression

A

Gender identity is how someone feels to be - their own internal perception of their gender

Gender expressions is how someone dresses, talks, acts, it is the way someone lives in society and interacts with others

3
Q

Define:
Transgender
Transsexuals

A

Transgender is an umbrella term for those whose gender identity or expression differs from their birth sex eg transsexuals, transvestites, cross dressers

Transsexual people are those who feels a consistent desire to fulfil their life as a member of the opposite sex - may undergo gender reassignment medically

4
Q

Why do the LGBT population experience poorer health?

A

The problem is not about them being LGBT, but about discrimination and marginalisation
eg 50% experience abuse at school (20% from teachers), they can be discriminated by healthcare providers, 12% are rejected by their family.

This leads to a distrust of authorities inc healthcare, isolation, and may rely on sub-cultures for a support network leading to risky behaviour eg go to gay bars where theres drink, drugs, cigs

5
Q

How do some stereotypes about LGBT patients can affect their healthcare?

A
  • Lesbians can be refused smear tests
  • It can be assumed that all gay/MSM are at high risk of HIV (may not have anal sex or be very careful)
  • a butch looking woman doesnt need contraception
  • a lesbian doesnt want children
6
Q

What are the specific health needs in the LGBT community?

A
  • mental health services
    Higher levels of anxiety, depression, suicidality
  • smoking and substance cessation support
    Higher rates of smoking, alcohol, drugs
  • cancer (increased prevalence of anal cancer in MSM)
    Lesbians still need smears
  • STIs
    HIV and syphilis more common in MSM
    WSW can contracts STIs
7
Q

How can doctors provide good ethical care to LGBT patients?

A
  • validate the patients identity
  • confidentiality, dont reveal their sexuality or gender without their permission
  • be able to distinguish between patients problems and their identity eg if a gay man comes in with suicidal thoughts, dont assume its because hes gay
8
Q

Why is it difficult to get accurate info about sexual behaviour?

A
  • sexual problems may not be obvious eg someone not being happy with any offered contraception
  • patients may be reluctant to raise a sexual problem eg stigma, embarrassment, religious issues, fear of judgement
  • doctors may struggle to ask personal and traumatic questions eg rape, detailed sexual activity
9
Q

What is the NATSAL survey?

A

The National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles - it is the main source of info in the UK about sexual behaviour.

10
Q

What is cultural identity?

A

Culture is defined by each person in relationship to the groups with whom he or she identifies. It is based on heritage as well as circumstances and personal choice.

11
Q

Why is diversity important to health care delivery?

A
  • there is increasing diversity of both populations and work force
  • taking a patient centred approach to care improves outcomes
12
Q

How can culture impact on patients presentation to health services?

A
  • the way they view mental health problems
  • their view of which services they choose to accept
  • the treatment and management strategies they find acceptable
  • may have reduced access to services

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