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ESA 4 - Head and Neck > Hyoid Muscles > Flashcards

Hyoid Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the categories of hyoid muscles?

A
  • Infrahyoid
  • Suprahyoid
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2
Q

What are the infrahyoid muscles?

A

A group of four muscles that are located inferiorly to the hyoid bone in the neck

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3
Q

What can the infrahyoid muscles be divided into?

A

Two groups - superficial plane and deep plane

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial plane of infrahyoid muscles?

A
  • Omohyoid
  • Sternohyoid
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5
Q

What are the infrahyoid muscles of the deep plane?

A
  • Sternothyroid
  • Thyrohyoid
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6
Q

What is the arterial supply to the infrahyoid muscles via?

A

The superior and inferior thyroid arteries

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7
Q

What is the omohyoid comprised of?

A

Two muscle bellies

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8
Q

What connects the muscle bellies of the omohyoid?

A

A muscular tendion

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9
Q

What is the origin of the omohyoid muscle?

A

Inferior belly arises from scapula

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10
Q

Where does the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle run?

A

Superomedially underneath the sternocleidomastoid, and then attaches to superior belly

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11
Q

How does the inferior belly of the omohyoid attach to the superior belly?

A

By an intermediate tendon

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12
Q

What is the superior belly of the omohyoid anchored to?

A

The clavicle

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13
Q

How is the superior belly of the omohyoid anchored to the clavicle?

A

By deep cervical fascia

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14
Q

What happens to the superior belly after it attaches to the inferior belly?

A

It ascends to attach to the hyoid bone

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15
Q

What are the actions of the omohyoid?

A

Depresses the hyoid bone

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the omohyoid?

A

Anterior rami of C1-C3, carried by a branch of the ansa cervicalis

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17
Q

What is the origin of the sternohyoid?

A

Sternum and sternoclavicular joint

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18
Q

What does the sternohyoid attach?

A

Hyoid bone

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19
Q

What is the action of the sternohyoid?

A

Depresses hyoid bone

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the sternohyoid?

A

Anterior rami of C1-C2, carried by branch of ansa cervicalis

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21
Q

How does the sternothyroid compare to the sternohyoid?

A

It is wider and deeper

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22
Q

What is the origin of the sternothyroid?

A

Manubrium of sternum

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23
Q

What is the attachment of the sternothyroid?

A

Thyroid cartilage

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24
Q

What is the action of the sternothyroid?

A

Depresses the thyroid cartilage

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25
What is the innervation of the sternothyroid?
Anterior rami of C1-C3, carried by a branch of the ansa cervicalis
26
What is the thryohyoid?
A short band of muscle, thought to be a continuation of the sternothyroid muscle
27
What is the origin of the thyrohyoid?
Thyroid cartilage of larynx
28
What is the attachment of the thyrohyoid?
Hyoid bone
29
What is the action of the thyrohyoid?
Depresses the hyoid. If the hyoid bone is fixed, it can elevate the larynx
30
What is the innervation of the thyrohyoid?
Anterior ramus of C1, carried within the hypoglossal nerve
31
What are the suprahyoid muscles?
A group of four muscles located superiorly to the hyoid bone in the neck
32
What is the action of the suprahyoid muscles?
Elevate the hyoid bone
33
What is the elevation of the hyoid bone involved in?
Swallowing
34
What is the arterial supply to the suprahyoid muscles?
Via branches of the facial artery, occipital artery, and ligual artery
35
What are the names of the suprahyoid muscles?
* Stylohyoid * Digastric * Mylohyoid * Geniohyoid
36
Describe the shape of the stylohyoid?
Thin muscular strip
37
Where is the stylohyoid muscle located?
In the posterior belly of the digastric muscle
38
What is the origin of the stylohyoid muscle?
Styloid process of temporal bone
39
What is the attachment of the stylohyoid muscle?
Lateral aspect of hyoid bone
40
What is the action of the stylohyoid muscle?
Initiates a swallowing action by pulling the hyoid bone in a posterior and superior direction
41
What is the innervation of the stylohyoid?
The stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
42
Where does the stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve arise?
Proximally to the parotid gland
43
What is the digastric comprised of?
Two muscular bellies connected by a tendon
44
What is the origin of the digastric?
* Anterior belly from digastric fossa of mandible * Posterior belly from mastoid process of temporal bone
45
Where does the intermediate tendon connecting the two bellies of the digastric attach?
To the hyoid bone, via a fibrous sling
46
What are the actions of the digastric?
Depresses the mandible and elevates hyoid bone
47
What is the innervation of the anterior belly of the digastric?
Inferior alveolar nerve
48
What is the inferior alveolar nerve a branch of?
The mandibular nerve, which is derived from the trigeminal nerve
49
What is the posterior belly of the digastric innervated by?
The digastric branch of the facial nerve
50
What shape is the mylohyoid?
Broad, triangular
51
What does the mylohyoid form?
The floor of the oral cavity
52
What is the origin of the mylohyoid?
Mylohyoid line of mandible
53
What is the attachment of the mylohyoid?
Hyoid bone
54
What are the actions of the mylohyoid?
Elevates the hyoid bone and floor of mouth
55
What is the innervation of the mylohyoid?
Inferior alveolar nerve
56
Where is the geniohyoid located?
Close to the midline of the neck, deep to the mylohyoid muscle
57
What is the origin of the geniohyoid?
Inferior mental spine of mandible
58
What is the attachment of the geniohyoid?
Hyoid bone
59
What is the action of the geniohyoid?
Depresses mandible and elevates hyoid bone
60
What is the innervation of the geniohyoid?
C1 nerve roots that run with the hypoglossal nerve

ESA 4 - Head and Neck (30 decks)

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