Imaging & Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Bone Lesion Imaging Indication

A

Xray is the most valuable initial imaging technique

  • Benign: well-defined, no cortical destruction or periosteal reaction
  • Malignant: Ill-defined, destructive, infiltrative marrow lesions

CT best for evaluating subtle bone changes

MRI better for soft-tissue & infiltrative marrow lesions

PET scans show metabolic activity and look for mets

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2
Q

Pancoast’s Tumor

A

Extension of tumor @ apex of lung involving C8, T1, T2, nerves and possible destruction of ribs

-presents w/ shoulder pain radiating to the ulna

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3
Q

3D CT Reconstruction Indications

A

When planning local resection

Excellent to evaluate bony architecture

Evaluate bone integrity, alignment, & stability

Preoperative planning for sites of fixation & reconstruction

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4
Q

Bone Scan Bright and Dark spots

A

Bright spots are either arthritis or metastases

Liver scan: dark spots are metastases

-Metastatic disease increases risk of pathologic fracture

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5
Q

PET Scan Contrast

A

Fludeoxyglucose (FDG)

-Collects in highly metastatic tissue

Higher grade malignancies detected more than benign processes

-Low-grade cartilage lesions underestimated

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6
Q

MRI - T1 & T2 and contrast agents

A

T1: Dark = water, edema, tumor, hemorrhage

Bright = fat, subacute hemorrhage, melanin, cerebral infarct necrosis

T2: Dark = low protein density, fibrous tissue, protein-rich fluid

Bright = increased water/edema, tumor, infarct, subacute hemorrhage

Contrast agent: gadolinium - increases structure visibility

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7
Q

Xray Pros and Cons

A

Simple, inexpensive, readily available, easily interpreted

Radiation, poor tissue contrast, technician dependent, 2D

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8
Q

CT Scan Pros and Cons

A

Rapid, 3D capability, axial imaging, good bone detail

Highest radiation, motion & metal artifact, limited ST contrast

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9
Q

Bone Scan Pros and Cons

A

Images metabolic activity, very sensitive in bones, low cost

Non-specific, poor detail, anatomic changes not visualized

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10
Q

MRI Pros and Cons

A

Superior tissue resolution

Expensive, motion & metal artifact, can’t use in some patients

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11
Q

Ultrasound Pros and Cons

A

Very safe, inexpensive, quick

Small field of view, technician and radiologist dependent, artifacts

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