Immunity and vaccines Flashcards
What are the two types of immunity?
Active
Passive
What is active immunity?
Immunity when your immune system makes it’s own antibodies after being stimulated by an antigen
What is active natural immunity?
When you become immune after catching a disease
What is active artificial immunity?
When you become immune after a vaccination containing a harmless dose of the antigen
What is passive immunity?
The type of immunity you get from being given antibodies made by a different organism.
Your body doesn’t produce any of it’s own
What is passive natural immunity?
When a baby becomes immune due to the antibodies it receives from it’s mother through the placenta and in breastfeeding
What is passive artificial immunity?
When you become immune after being injected with antibodies from someone else
What type of protection does active immunity provide and why?
Long term
Memory cells are produced
What type of protection does passive immunity provide and why?
Short term
Antibodies are broken down
Which type of immunity requires exposure to the antigen?
Active immunity
What do vaccines contain?
Antigens that cause your body to produce cells against a particular pathogen without the pathogen causing disease
What is herd immunity?
When unvaccinated people are protected because the occurrence of the disease is reduced by the number of people who are vaccinated
What type of antigens do vaccines contain?
Free or attached to a dead or weakened pathogen
What are disadvantages of taking a vaccine orally?
It could be broken down by enzymes in the gut or vaccine molecules might be too big to be absorbed into the blood
Why might booster vaccines be given?
To make sure that more memory cells are produced
