Fever of unknown origin
Fever lasting 8 days to 3 weeks when PE, history, and labs fail to find a source
Drugs to decrease MC complication of meningitis
Corticosteroids; used to prevent hearing loss
Characteristic finding in TB meningitis on brain imaging
Basilar enhancement
MCC of sinusitis
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis
EBV pharyngitis findings
Enlarged posterior cervical lymph nodes
Malaise
Hepatosplenomegaly
Otitis media with effusion
Fluid in the middle ear space without the symptoms of infection
-Tympanic membrane appears yellow
Bacterial parotitis
Unilateral; cause by s. Aureus, s. Pyogenes, or Myocbaterium
RFs: Decreased salivary flow
Stone formation
Cause of erysipelas
S. Pyogenes
Necrotizing fasciitis
Systemic symptoms and out of proportion to physical findings
⭐️Crepitus on palpation
IV antibiotics and surgical debridement for Tx.
Complications of GABHS
Prevented by abs:
Rheumatic fever
Autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders
Not prevented by abs:
PSGN
PS arthritis
Rotavirus
Most common infectious cause of gastroenteritis worldwide
Tx: Supportive
Norwalk virus
RNA virus spread fecal-orally in enclosed groups
-VOMITING ALSO PRESENT; only 48 hours in duration
Family with lizards or turtles may have what comp?
Salmonella diarrhea
- Also thru infected eggs, poultry, milk
- Pts. With sickle cell may develop bacteremia
Electrolyte finding in diarrhea
Non-anion gap hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
Transplacental HIV transmission
HIV specific DNA-PCR by 4 months
-All infants, even those not infected, can have Transplacental anti-HIV antibodies from mom for the first two years of life
Management of infant born to HIV mom
ZDV for 6 weeks
Bactrim until PCR comes back negative
MMR vaccine still ️Recommended
Urine CMV culture to asses for coinfection
EBV test in kids under 4
Antibody titers for IgM-VCA
Amoxicillin given to kid with pharyngitis who then develops a diffuse Maculopapular rash
EBV reaction
MC of mortality with measles
Bacterial pneumonia
-Subacute Sclerosing panencephalitis is a RARE LATE complication
Allergic Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Pts. With chronic lung disease or corticosteroid therapy (CF, asthma) develop wheezing, eosinophilia, and pulmonary infiltrates
Most common cause of infectious chorioretinitis
Toxoplasma
Comps with hookworm infection
Iron deficiency anemia
Erlichiosis
Symptoms of fever, myalgia Hepatosplenomegaly, headache, BUT NO RASH ( unlike RMSF)
Tx: Doxycycline if > 8
Latent TB
Asymptomatic pt. With a positive PPD
-CXR may show pulmonary granuloma
Tx: INH for 9 months (along with B6)