Infectious diseases: signs, symptoms, and treatments Flashcards Preview

Paramedic Lecture: 2nd Semester > Infectious diseases: signs, symptoms, and treatments > Flashcards

Flashcards in Infectious diseases: signs, symptoms, and treatments Deck (29)
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1
Q

HIV

A

Signs and symptoms:

Fatigue, fever, sore throat, Rash, diarrhea

2
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver characterized by diffuse or patchy tissue necrosis
Signs and symptoms:
Headache, fever, weakness, joint pain, Anorexia, nausea and vomiting, right upper quadrant abdominal pain
Sever:
Jaundice, Fever, dark indie urine, Clay colored stools

3
Q

Hepatitis A

A

Transmitted by fecal oral route, And sexual contact

Incubation period for 3 to 5 weeks

4
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Transmitted through Direct contact with body fluids
Incubation period eat to 24 weeks
Signs and symptoms:
Rash, joint pain

5
Q

Hepatitis C

A

Transmitted via IV drug abuse and sexual contact

6
Q

Hepatitis E

A

Associated with contaminated drinking water

7
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Disease caused by bacteria known as mycobacterium. Tuberculosis that primarily affects the respiratory system
Signs and symptoms:
Chills, fever, fatigue, productive or nonproductive chronic cough, weight loss
Primary transmission through droplets
Incubation period 4 to 12 weeks
Disease development 6 to 12 months

8
Q

Pneumonia

A
Acute lung inflammation
Signs and symptoms:
Acute onset of chills, high-grade fever, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain worsening by deep inspiration, cough, crackles, wheezes
Children:
Fever, tachypnea, retractions
Treatment:
Oxygen
Assist ventilations if necessary
9
Q

Severe acute respiratory syndrome

A

Incubation period: 2-7 days
Signs and symptoms:
Sore throat, rhinorrhea, chills, Riggers, myalgias (muscle aches), headache, diarrhea.
Severe:
Cough, sputum production, respiratory distress, and respiratory failure
Treatment:
Position of comfort, high flow oxygen, ventilatory assistance and intubation if necessary, IV access and fluids if dehydrated, and bronchodilators if wheezes are present.

10
Q

Chickenpox (varicella)

A

Disease characterized by rational fluid filled vesicles that rupture, forming small holsters that eventually scab.
Transmission:
airborne droplets, And direct contact with weeping lesions and Tainted lemons.
Incubation:
10 to 21 days
Signs and symptoms:
Respiratory symptoms, malaise, and low-grade fever

11
Q

Meningitis

A

Transmission:
Respiratory droplets
Incubation period: 2 to 4 days up to 10
Signs and symptoms:
Fever, chills, headache, nuchal rigidity with flexion, arthralgia, lethargy, malaise, altered mental status, vomiting, and seizures.
Brudzinski’s and Kerning’s Signs are also indicators of meningitis

12
Q

Bruzdzinksi’s Sign

A

Physical exam findings in which flexion of the neck causes flexion of the hips and knees

13
Q

Kernig’s Sign

A

Inability to fully extend her knees with hips flexed

14
Q

Influenza

A

Signs and symptoms:

Sending onset of fever, chills, malaise, muscle aches, nasal discharge, and cough

15
Q

Measles

A

Transmission:
Inhalation of droplets, and direct contact
Incubation period:
7-14 days
Signs and symptoms:
Severe cold, fever, conjunctivitis, swelling of the eyelids, malaise, cough, and nasopharyngeal congestion

16
Q

Mumps

A
Transmission:
Respiratory droplets been direct contact with saliva
Incubation period:
12-25 days
Signs and symptoms:
Painful enlargement of salivary glands
17
Q

Rubella

A

Transmission:
Inhalation droplets of
Incubation period:
12 to 19 days
Signs and symptoms:
Sore throat, low-grade fever, find pink rash on face, trunk, and extremities. lasts 3 days.
Side note: devastating in fetal development

18
Q

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

A

Maybe fatal in infants
Signs and symptoms:
Lower respiratory infection, runny nose common legal congestion, wheezing, tachypnea, And signs of respiratory distress.

19
Q

Pertussis

A

Incubation period:
6 to 20 days
Transmission:
Inhalation of respiratory droplets
Signs and symptoms:
Catarrhal Phase- symptoms similar to those of the common cold
Paroxysmal Phase- mild cough, quickly become severe and violent, deep high-pitched inspiration.
Treatment:
Oxygen, and anticipate need for intubation and possible chest decompression.

20
Q

Mononucleosis

A
Incubation:
4 to 6 weeks
Signs and symptoms:
Fatigue, fever, sore throat, oral discharges, Enlarged and tender lymph nodes.
Side note: the kissing disease
21
Q

Herpes simplex virus type one

A

Commonly in fact the oropharynx, face, lips, skin, fingers, toes.
Incubation period:
2 to 12 days
Signs and symptoms:
Fluid filled hope the development of cold sores
Fever blisters that deteriorate into small ulcers
Fever, malaise, dehydration

22
Q

Epiglottitis

A
The four D's:
Dysphonia
Drooling
Dysphasia
Distress
23
Q

Croup

A

Inspiratory and expiratory stridor
seal-bark cough
The Acute respiratory distress, tachypnea, And retractions.

24
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Signs and symptoms:

Sudden onset of sore throat, fever, headache, neck pain, nausea, vomiting..

25
Q

Sinusitis

A

Preceded by a viral upper respiratory infection
Treatment:
Replace heat pack directly over the affected sinus to help relieve pain and facilitate drainage.

26
Q

Hantavirus

A

Family of viruses that are carried by the deer, And mouse. Transmitted via tics and other arthropods.
Signs and symptoms:
Fatigue, fever, muscle aches, headaches, nausea, monitoring, diarrhea, Abdominal pain, you’re a, sore throat, And rash.
4 to 10 days later:
Pulmonary edema, Potential myocardial depression that’s Sinus bradycardia, Subsequent electromechanical disassociation, Ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.
Treatment:
Intensive supportive care

27
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Transmission:
Fecal oral route
Signs and symptoms:
Nausea, vomiting, Gastrointestinal cramping, Anorexia, and diarrhea
Treatment:
Start IV and pay attention to hydration status

28
Q

Encephalitis

A

Acute infection of The brain, usually caused by a virus.
Signs and symptoms:
Decreased level of consciousness, fever, headache, drowsiness, Coma, Tremors, and stiff neck and back.
Late signs:
Uncoordinated and involuntary movements, weakness of arms and legs, unusual sensitivity of skin to various types of stimulation

29
Q

Rabies

A

Viral disorder that affects the nervous system
Incubation:
3 to 8 weeks
Signs and symptoms:
Prodrome phase
Malaise, headache, fever, chills, sore throat, myalgias, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, And diarrhea.
Encephalitic Phase
Excessive motor activity, excitation, and agitation. This is fall by confusion, hallucinations, combativeness, muscle twitches, tetany, and seizures. Death within 2 to 6 days.