Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Pathoma Flashcards Preview

GI Week 5 - WLB > Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Pathoma > Flashcards

Flashcards in Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Pathoma Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is the proposed cause of IBD?

A

Probably due to abnormal immune response to enteric flora

2
Q

What is the classic presentation of IBD?

A
  • Young women (teens to 30s) with recurrent bouts of blood diarrhea and abdominal pain
  • More prevalent in the West
    • particularly Caucasians, and Eastern European Jews
3
Q

What is the extent of the wall involvement in Ulcerative Colitis?

A

mucosal and submucosal ulcers

4
Q

What areas of the GI tract are predominantly affected by Ulcerative Colitis (location)?

A
  • Begins in rectum
    • can end extend proximally up to the cecum
    • remainder of the GI tract is unaffected
  • CONTINUOUS INVOLVEMENT
5
Q

What symptoms are specific to Ulcerative Colitis?

A

Left lower quadrant pain (rectum)

with bloody diarrhea

6
Q

What is the histologic hallmark of the inflammation seen in Ulcerative Colitis?

A

Crypt abscesses with neutrophils

7
Q

What does the gross appearance of Ulcerative Colitis look like?

A
  • Pseudopolyps
    • (response to healing of the ulceration)
  • Loss of haustra
  • “Lead pipe” sign on imaging
8
Q

What are the potential complications of Ulcerative Colitis? What are the risks of complications based on?

A
  • Toxic megacolon and Carcinoma
    • risk is based on extent of colonic involvement and duration of disease
    • generally not a concern until >10 years of disease
9
Q

What are three pathological associations of Ulcerative Colitis?

A
  1. Primary sclerosing cholangitis
  2. p-ANCA positivity
  3. Smoking (protective against UC)
10
Q

What is the extent of the wall involvement in Crohn’s Disease?

A

Full-thickness inflammation with knife-like fissures

11
Q

What areas of the GI tract are predominately involved in Crohn’s Disease?

A
  • Anywhere from mouth to anus
    • with skip lesions
  • Terminal ileum is the most common site
  • Rectum is least common site
12
Q

What symptoms are specific to Crohn’s Disease?

A
  • Right lower quadrant pain (ileum)
  • Non-bloody diarrhea
13
Q

What is the histologic hallmark of the inflammation seen in Crohn’s Disease?

A

Lymphoid aggregates with granulomas

14
Q

What is the gross appearance of Crohn’s Disease?

A

Cobblestone mucosa

creeping fat

strictures

(“string sign” on imaging)

15
Q

What are the potential complications of Crohn’s Disease?

A
  • Malabsorption with nutritional deficiency
  • Calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis
  • Fistula formation
  • Carcinoma
    • if colonic disease is present
16
Q

What are the 6 pathological in Crohn’s Disease?

A
  1. Ankylosing spondylitis
  2. Sacroiliitis
  3. Migratory polyarthritis
  4. Erythema nodosum
  5. Uveitis
  6. Smoking → increases risk for Crohn’s Disease