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Biology - 2.2 Biological Molecules > Inorganic Ions > Flashcards

Flashcards in Inorganic Ions Deck (15)
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1
Q

What is an Ion? and an inorganic ion?

A

its an atom that has an electric charge and iorganic ion is the one which doesn’t contain carbon

2
Q

Definition of cation

A

its an ion with a positive charge.

3
Q

Give 5 examples of cation

A
> Calcium (CA2+)
>Sodium (NA+)
>Potassium (K+)
>Hydrogen (H+)
>Ammonium (NH4+)
4
Q

2 Role of Calcium (Ca2)

A

> Involved in the transmission of nerve impulses and the release of insulin from the pancreas
Acts as a co-factors for many enzymes, e.g. those involved in blood clotting is important for bone formation.

5
Q

Role of sodium (Na+)

A

> Important for generating nerve impulses, for muscle contraction and regulation fluid balance in the body

6
Q

2 Role of Potassium (K+)

A

> Important for generating nerve impulses, for muscle contracting and for regulating fluid balance in the body
Activates essential enzymes needed for photosynthesis in plant cells.

7
Q

2 Role of Hydrogen (H+)

A

> Involved in regulation of blood pH

>Involved in respiration and photosynthesis

8
Q

Role of Ammonium (NH4+)

A

> its absorbed from the soil by plants and is important source of nitrogen, which is then used to make e.g. amino acids and nucleic acids

9
Q

Definition of Anions

A

Anions is an ion with a negative charge

10
Q

Give 5 examples of Anions

A
> Nitrate (NO3-)
> Hydrogencarbonate (HCO3-)
> Chloride (Cl-)
> Phosphate (PO4^3-)
> Hydroxide (OH-)
11
Q

Role of Nitrate (NO3-)

A

> Its absorbed from the soil by plants and is an important source of nitrogen, which is then used to make e.g. amino acids and nucleic acids

12
Q

Role of Hydrogencarbonate (HCO3-)

A

> Acts as a buffer, which helps to maintain pH of the blood

13
Q

3 Role of Chloride (Cl-)

A

> Involved in the ‘chloride shift’ which helps to maintain the pH of the blood during gas exchange
Acts as a cofactor for the enzyme amylase
involved in some nerve impulses

14
Q

2 Role of Phosphate (PO4^3-)

A

> Involved in photosynthesis and respirations reactions
Needed for the synthesis of many biological molecules, such as nucleotides, phospholipids and calcium phosphate (which strengthens bones)

15
Q

Role of Hydroxide (OH-)

A

> involved in regulation of blood pH